A 5kVA, 4160/240V, 50-Hz distribution transformer is used to feed a single-phase load with a P.F of 0.8 lagging. The primary and secondary resistances of the transformer are 3.7Ω and 0.012 Ω respectively and the primary and secondary reactances are j46 Ω and j0.15 Ω respectively. Analyze the given distribution system to find: i. The equivalent winding resistance Req, reactance Xeq, and impedance Zeq of this transformer referred to low voltage side. Also draw the referred equivalent circuit. ii. The load impedance, ZL and the total circuit impedance, ZT. iii. The actual voltage, VL across the load.

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Distribution System

The final stage in the delivery of the electric power is the electric power distribution system. From the transmission system to the individual customers it carries electricity. The distribution system is connected with the transmission system and is used to lower the voltage of the transmission to medium voltage in the range of 2 kV to 35 kV with the help of transformers. This medium voltage to the distribution transformers located near the customer's premises is carried by the primary distribution system lines. These distribution transformers in turn lower the voltage to utilization voltage used in lightings, household appliances, industrial equipments etc. Through secondary distribution lines often several customers are supplied from one transformer. It is through service drops, the commercial and residential customers are connected to the secondary distribution system lines. Customers who demand a larger amount of power can be connected directly to the primary distribution system level or the sub-transmission level.