6. Using historical data provided, compare and contrast the rainfall patterns in the coastal versus hinterland regions of Guyana. What factors contribute to the observed differences in rainfall intensity, duration, and frequency between these regions? Monthly Rainfall Data for Coastal Region (region 4, gt) from 1994 to 2023. Year Jan 1994 Feb 260.0 103.2 Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 173.3 61.2 318.7 208.6 387.1 138.2 94.6 170.5 244.6 123.7 1995 62.9 57.4 88.5 13.6 185.6 417.1 255.9 91.7 20.5 40.1 286.2 177.0 1996 280.1 196.6 78.2 24.6 409.7 528.8 272.4 135.4 94.3 36.2 184.9 188.6 1997 414.8 253.2 70.8 99.4 342.0 138.3 249.9 16.2 2.1 26.6 41.1 78.3 1998 71.8 18.2 23.1 145.2 291.5 342.0 108.4 229.7 46.5 124.4 253.9 351.9 1999 273.4 81.0 138.2 195.8 190.3 214.8 236.4 399.1 43.7 114.0 40.5 367.8 2000 565.0 132.3 126.1 344.8 241.4 438.6 222.2 201.5 98.1 28.4 200.8 166.6 2001 58.1 21.6 32.0 169.2 204.8 340.8 241.4 94.7 182.1 59.8 100.0 87.7 2002 157.8 81.2 97.0 237.4 259.4 451.8 160.8 167.8 86.5 80.4 177.5 104.1 2003 36.2 29.2 28.3 27.4 370.8 355.8 322.1 96.7 29.1 11.7 143.8 306.6 2004 162.3 124.0 54.0 320.4 407.4 255.6 377.2 117.0 110.6 61.8 26.4 404.6 2005 1108.2 203.7 78.5 219.6 296.0 102.8 380.5 57.3 55.4 67.3 229.5 516.7 2006 571.3 73.2 43.8 93.4 477.6 440.8 224.6 116.5 185.7 137.7 209.6 253.7 2007 156.5 26.3 121.8 111.7 433.4 398.1 297.6 375.5 154.1 55.1 179.9 633.7 2008 203.6 365.0 210.2 145.5 311.1 298.3 406.7 228.0 62.5 59.0 155.7 919.6 2009 515.0 151.6 65.8 316.3 58.3 295.0 213.4 59.9 71.6 79.3 63.1 97.5 2010 20.6 24.7 41.0 299.0 380.3 246.5 469.1 154.2 159.0 99.4 352.0 319.4 2011 136.6 413.9 496.2 34.0 269.9 178.4 182.9 118.3 30.8 194.4 167.4 233.6 2012 379.4 347.0 32.2 110.7 315.6 238.6 367.8 136.7 31.7 26.9 190.0 309.3 2013 82.7 116.3 27.7 129.2 347.0 282.2 418.9 289.1 117.9 117.2 336.2 283.5 2014 275.3 147.6 61.2 67.5 125.1 224.2 148.9 194.0 21.6 49.3 374.2 127.3 2015 206.8 118.8 96.9 64.4 453.5 389.1 510.8 82.1 76.4 52.2 123.1 151.0 2016 27.3 38.5 34.0 230.5 203.9 251.3 223.4 178.7 173.4 22.9 93.5 395.3 2017 292.0 232.0 169.4 96.6 308.2 409.5 249.7 94.8 113.7 86.2 217.5 379.1 2018 136.6 121.3 80.1 263.4 205.3 274.8 253.3 119.8 128.2 22.9 155.0 90.9 2019 51.5 70.3 10.9 83.3 287.6 277.8 374.5 217.6 163.7 57.1 125.1 170.2 2020 49.8 27.3 67.1 54.4 320.0 274.9 273.4 155.5 154.1 19.2 543.2 432.1 2021 225.8 38.2 226.3 185.8 423.7 546.6 402.8 238.5 114.6 267.0 342.3 530.2 2022 90.5 271.3 156.8 164.0 326.3 2023 200.4 150.9 103.4 246.1 377.1 361.2 323.2 477.1 182.1 180.5 52.4 190.0 127.7 319.7 551.3 13.5 32.9 137.2 85.5 Monthly Rainfall Data for Hinterland Region (region 9) from 1994 to 2023. Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 1994 11.7 12.0 1996 23.5 13.0 0.0 313.7 290.7 468.3 106.8 27.6 0.0 1997 188.2 144.9 218.2 58.6 42.9 0.0 1.6 31.8 1998 0.7 2.0 11.1 172.2 463.9 417.0 176.8 35.3 56.2 39.7 3.8 33.9 1999 6.4 47.0 25.2 146.9 249.4 246.9 321.5 228.5 159.5 147.8 94.4 6.7 2000 12.2 11.3 22.6 170.6 314.9 269.6 2001 6.0 8.4 24.2 44.0 286.3 2002 9.5 18.8 158.8 2003 3.2 4.1 0.5 82.8 387.6 2004 9.1 36.2 31.6 94.5 232.5 230.7 327.0 327.6 465.4 275.5 123.0 226.5 148.2 137.9 100.7 289.4 169.2 58.6 44.2 247.3 106.4 215.4 278.6 32.4 106.8 83.5 0.0 0.4 76.6 3.2 11.3 34.8 133.9 121.8 87.2 44.8 99.1 56.4 0.2 24.7 2005 38.3 61.6 18.5 190.9 284.1 228.6 2006 41.4 3.8 27.4 24.4 369.5 433.1 292.8 370.8 244.6 150.7 162.8 97.1 115.7 39.1 4.8 16.3 35.8 5.9 2007 27.6 0.0 114.1 188.0 357.9 381.0 411.8 308.3 92.5 36.5 3.0 73.0 2008 12.8 27.3 20.0 77.9 154.7 288.1 488.3 191.4 196.7 150.1 25.3 174.5 2009 64.2 25.5 5.2 5.5 15.3 190.5 335.7 138.2 41.4 35.7 0.0 123.4 2010 11.9 25.8 44.4 180.9 509.2 406.7 358.4 337.5 143.1 119.0 105.6 78.4 2011 28.1 12.0 425.7 50.4 571.8 377.6 316.6 174.3 88.0 135.0 259.7 6.9 2012 32.8 75.9 44.6 222.6 308.6 133.7 280.7 172.0 55.4 45.5 54.6 25.2 2013 1.3 55.9 20.7 142.1 377.5 244.6 229.4 233.6 177.3 1.4 51.9 3.6 2014 11.1 12.3 11.8 60.0 181.7 330.5 222.1 150.8 40.9 68.7 6.7 7.8 2015 10.3 13.4 1.5 42.1 408.7 187.0 144.9 124.8 33.4 4.0 0.4 34.3 2016 0.7 71.6 16.4 347.8 181.7 299.3 218.6 264.7 57.0 192.7 55.6 16.3 2017 10.7 74.0 149.9 144.0 268.6 389.9 459.3 140.8 91.0 28.5 8.5 53.1 2018 7.5 2.0 5.6 109.0 267.1 2019 7.9 0.0 0.0 25.2 375.9 349.6 505.4 401.2 206.3 141.4 152.4 134.2 62.0 32.7 166.7 180.7 55.0 107.1 20.6 2020 10.5 1.6 1.6 19.2 228.7 357.9 215.7 212.6 85.0 53.8 154.1 20.9 2022 2023 2021 81.8 28.7 44.8 10.0 97.6 110.2 81.6 38.1 0.7 227.5 330.0 375.9 366.4 276.9 69.0 76.4 18.9 118.1 201.4 441.7 74.3 142.9 314.3 328.4 248.0 173.4 171.3 232.3 196.5 316.8 333.6 71.4 17.2 80.4 6.8 15.5
6. Using historical data provided, compare and contrast the rainfall patterns in the coastal versus hinterland regions of Guyana. What factors contribute to the observed differences in rainfall intensity, duration, and frequency between these regions? Monthly Rainfall Data for Coastal Region (region 4, gt) from 1994 to 2023. Year Jan 1994 Feb 260.0 103.2 Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 173.3 61.2 318.7 208.6 387.1 138.2 94.6 170.5 244.6 123.7 1995 62.9 57.4 88.5 13.6 185.6 417.1 255.9 91.7 20.5 40.1 286.2 177.0 1996 280.1 196.6 78.2 24.6 409.7 528.8 272.4 135.4 94.3 36.2 184.9 188.6 1997 414.8 253.2 70.8 99.4 342.0 138.3 249.9 16.2 2.1 26.6 41.1 78.3 1998 71.8 18.2 23.1 145.2 291.5 342.0 108.4 229.7 46.5 124.4 253.9 351.9 1999 273.4 81.0 138.2 195.8 190.3 214.8 236.4 399.1 43.7 114.0 40.5 367.8 2000 565.0 132.3 126.1 344.8 241.4 438.6 222.2 201.5 98.1 28.4 200.8 166.6 2001 58.1 21.6 32.0 169.2 204.8 340.8 241.4 94.7 182.1 59.8 100.0 87.7 2002 157.8 81.2 97.0 237.4 259.4 451.8 160.8 167.8 86.5 80.4 177.5 104.1 2003 36.2 29.2 28.3 27.4 370.8 355.8 322.1 96.7 29.1 11.7 143.8 306.6 2004 162.3 124.0 54.0 320.4 407.4 255.6 377.2 117.0 110.6 61.8 26.4 404.6 2005 1108.2 203.7 78.5 219.6 296.0 102.8 380.5 57.3 55.4 67.3 229.5 516.7 2006 571.3 73.2 43.8 93.4 477.6 440.8 224.6 116.5 185.7 137.7 209.6 253.7 2007 156.5 26.3 121.8 111.7 433.4 398.1 297.6 375.5 154.1 55.1 179.9 633.7 2008 203.6 365.0 210.2 145.5 311.1 298.3 406.7 228.0 62.5 59.0 155.7 919.6 2009 515.0 151.6 65.8 316.3 58.3 295.0 213.4 59.9 71.6 79.3 63.1 97.5 2010 20.6 24.7 41.0 299.0 380.3 246.5 469.1 154.2 159.0 99.4 352.0 319.4 2011 136.6 413.9 496.2 34.0 269.9 178.4 182.9 118.3 30.8 194.4 167.4 233.6 2012 379.4 347.0 32.2 110.7 315.6 238.6 367.8 136.7 31.7 26.9 190.0 309.3 2013 82.7 116.3 27.7 129.2 347.0 282.2 418.9 289.1 117.9 117.2 336.2 283.5 2014 275.3 147.6 61.2 67.5 125.1 224.2 148.9 194.0 21.6 49.3 374.2 127.3 2015 206.8 118.8 96.9 64.4 453.5 389.1 510.8 82.1 76.4 52.2 123.1 151.0 2016 27.3 38.5 34.0 230.5 203.9 251.3 223.4 178.7 173.4 22.9 93.5 395.3 2017 292.0 232.0 169.4 96.6 308.2 409.5 249.7 94.8 113.7 86.2 217.5 379.1 2018 136.6 121.3 80.1 263.4 205.3 274.8 253.3 119.8 128.2 22.9 155.0 90.9 2019 51.5 70.3 10.9 83.3 287.6 277.8 374.5 217.6 163.7 57.1 125.1 170.2 2020 49.8 27.3 67.1 54.4 320.0 274.9 273.4 155.5 154.1 19.2 543.2 432.1 2021 225.8 38.2 226.3 185.8 423.7 546.6 402.8 238.5 114.6 267.0 342.3 530.2 2022 90.5 271.3 156.8 164.0 326.3 2023 200.4 150.9 103.4 246.1 377.1 361.2 323.2 477.1 182.1 180.5 52.4 190.0 127.7 319.7 551.3 13.5 32.9 137.2 85.5 Monthly Rainfall Data for Hinterland Region (region 9) from 1994 to 2023. Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 1994 11.7 12.0 1996 23.5 13.0 0.0 313.7 290.7 468.3 106.8 27.6 0.0 1997 188.2 144.9 218.2 58.6 42.9 0.0 1.6 31.8 1998 0.7 2.0 11.1 172.2 463.9 417.0 176.8 35.3 56.2 39.7 3.8 33.9 1999 6.4 47.0 25.2 146.9 249.4 246.9 321.5 228.5 159.5 147.8 94.4 6.7 2000 12.2 11.3 22.6 170.6 314.9 269.6 2001 6.0 8.4 24.2 44.0 286.3 2002 9.5 18.8 158.8 2003 3.2 4.1 0.5 82.8 387.6 2004 9.1 36.2 31.6 94.5 232.5 230.7 327.0 327.6 465.4 275.5 123.0 226.5 148.2 137.9 100.7 289.4 169.2 58.6 44.2 247.3 106.4 215.4 278.6 32.4 106.8 83.5 0.0 0.4 76.6 3.2 11.3 34.8 133.9 121.8 87.2 44.8 99.1 56.4 0.2 24.7 2005 38.3 61.6 18.5 190.9 284.1 228.6 2006 41.4 3.8 27.4 24.4 369.5 433.1 292.8 370.8 244.6 150.7 162.8 97.1 115.7 39.1 4.8 16.3 35.8 5.9 2007 27.6 0.0 114.1 188.0 357.9 381.0 411.8 308.3 92.5 36.5 3.0 73.0 2008 12.8 27.3 20.0 77.9 154.7 288.1 488.3 191.4 196.7 150.1 25.3 174.5 2009 64.2 25.5 5.2 5.5 15.3 190.5 335.7 138.2 41.4 35.7 0.0 123.4 2010 11.9 25.8 44.4 180.9 509.2 406.7 358.4 337.5 143.1 119.0 105.6 78.4 2011 28.1 12.0 425.7 50.4 571.8 377.6 316.6 174.3 88.0 135.0 259.7 6.9 2012 32.8 75.9 44.6 222.6 308.6 133.7 280.7 172.0 55.4 45.5 54.6 25.2 2013 1.3 55.9 20.7 142.1 377.5 244.6 229.4 233.6 177.3 1.4 51.9 3.6 2014 11.1 12.3 11.8 60.0 181.7 330.5 222.1 150.8 40.9 68.7 6.7 7.8 2015 10.3 13.4 1.5 42.1 408.7 187.0 144.9 124.8 33.4 4.0 0.4 34.3 2016 0.7 71.6 16.4 347.8 181.7 299.3 218.6 264.7 57.0 192.7 55.6 16.3 2017 10.7 74.0 149.9 144.0 268.6 389.9 459.3 140.8 91.0 28.5 8.5 53.1 2018 7.5 2.0 5.6 109.0 267.1 2019 7.9 0.0 0.0 25.2 375.9 349.6 505.4 401.2 206.3 141.4 152.4 134.2 62.0 32.7 166.7 180.7 55.0 107.1 20.6 2020 10.5 1.6 1.6 19.2 228.7 357.9 215.7 212.6 85.0 53.8 154.1 20.9 2022 2023 2021 81.8 28.7 44.8 10.0 97.6 110.2 81.6 38.1 0.7 227.5 330.0 375.9 366.4 276.9 69.0 76.4 18.9 118.1 201.4 441.7 74.3 142.9 314.3 328.4 248.0 173.4 171.3 232.3 196.5 316.8 333.6 71.4 17.2 80.4 6.8 15.5
Chapter2: Loads On Structures
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
Related questions
Question
Transcribed Image Text:6. Using historical data provided, compare and contrast the rainfall patterns in the coastal
versus hinterland regions of Guyana.
What factors contribute to the observed differences in rainfall intensity, duration, and
frequency between these regions?
Monthly Rainfall Data for Coastal Region (region 4, gt) from 1994 to 2023.
Year
Jan
1994
Feb
260.0 103.2
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
173.3
61.2
318.7
208.6
387.1
138.2
94.6
170.5
244.6 123.7
1995
62.9
57.4
88.5
13.6
185.6 417.1
255.9
91.7
20.5
40.1
286.2
177.0
1996
280.1
196.6 78.2
24.6
409.7 528.8
272.4
135.4
94.3
36.2
184.9
188.6
1997
414.8
253.2
70.8
99.4
342.0
138.3
249.9
16.2
2.1
26.6
41.1
78.3
1998
71.8
18.2
23.1
145.2
291.5
342.0
108.4 229.7
46.5
124.4
253.9
351.9
1999
273.4
81.0
138.2
195.8
190.3
214.8
236.4
399.1
43.7
114.0
40.5
367.8
2000
565.0
132.3
126.1
344.8
241.4 438.6
222.2
201.5
98.1
28.4
200.8
166.6
2001
58.1
21.6
32.0
169.2
204.8
340.8
241.4
94.7
182.1
59.8
100.0
87.7
2002
157.8
81.2
97.0
237.4
259.4
451.8 160.8
167.8
86.5
80.4
177.5
104.1
2003
36.2
29.2
28.3
27.4
370.8
355.8 322.1
96.7
29.1
11.7
143.8 306.6
2004
162.3
124.0
54.0
320.4
407.4 255.6 377.2
117.0
110.6
61.8
26.4
404.6
2005
1108.2
203.7
78.5
219.6
296.0
102.8
380.5
57.3
55.4
67.3
229.5
516.7
2006
571.3
73.2
43.8
93.4
477.6
440.8
224.6
116.5
185.7
137.7
209.6 253.7
2007
156.5
26.3
121.8
111.7
433.4
398.1
297.6
375.5 154.1
55.1
179.9
633.7
2008
203.6 365.0
210.2
145.5
311.1
298.3
406.7
228.0
62.5
59.0
155.7 919.6
2009
515.0
151.6
65.8
316.3
58.3
295.0
213.4
59.9
71.6
79.3
63.1
97.5
2010
20.6
24.7
41.0
299.0
380.3 246.5
469.1
154.2
159.0
99.4
352.0
319.4
2011
136.6
413.9
496.2
34.0
269.9 178.4
182.9
118.3
30.8
194.4
167.4 233.6
2012
379.4
347.0
32.2
110.7
315.6
238.6 367.8
136.7
31.7
26.9
190.0
309.3
2013
82.7
116.3
27.7
129.2 347.0
282.2
418.9
289.1
117.9
117.2 336.2
283.5
2014
275.3 147.6
61.2
67.5
125.1
224.2
148.9
194.0
21.6
49.3
374.2
127.3
2015
206.8
118.8
96.9
64.4 453.5
389.1
510.8
82.1
76.4
52.2
123.1
151.0
2016
27.3
38.5
34.0
230.5
203.9
251.3
223.4
178.7
173.4
22.9
93.5
395.3
2017 292.0
232.0
169.4
96.6
308.2
409.5
249.7
94.8
113.7
86.2
217.5
379.1
2018
136.6 121.3
80.1
263.4
205.3
274.8 253.3
119.8
128.2
22.9
155.0
90.9
2019
51.5
70.3
10.9
83.3
287.6 277.8
374.5
217.6
163.7
57.1
125.1
170.2
2020
49.8
27.3
67.1
54.4
320.0
274.9 273.4
155.5
154.1
19.2
543.2
432.1
2021
225.8
38.2
226.3
185.8
423.7
546.6 402.8 238.5
114.6 267.0
342.3
530.2
2022
90.5
271.3
156.8
164.0
326.3
2023
200.4
150.9
103.4
246.1
377.1
361.2
323.2
477.1 182.1
180.5 52.4
190.0 127.7
319.7
551.3
13.5
32.9
137.2
85.5
Transcribed Image Text:Monthly Rainfall Data for Hinterland Region (region 9) from 1994 to 2023.
Year
Jan
Feb
Mar Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
1994
11.7
12.0
1996
23.5
13.0
0.0
313.7
290.7 468.3 106.8
27.6
0.0
1997
188.2
144.9
218.2 58.6
42.9
0.0
1.6
31.8
1998
0.7
2.0
11.1
172.2
463.9
417.0
176.8
35.3
56.2
39.7
3.8
33.9
1999
6.4
47.0
25.2
146.9
249.4
246.9
321.5
228.5
159.5 147.8 94.4
6.7
2000
12.2
11.3
22.6
170.6
314.9 269.6
2001
6.0
8.4
24.2
44.0
286.3
2002
9.5
18.8
158.8
2003
3.2
4.1
0.5
82.8
387.6
2004
9.1
36.2
31.6
94.5
232.5
230.7 327.0
327.6
465.4 275.5
123.0
226.5
148.2 137.9 100.7
289.4 169.2 58.6 44.2
247.3 106.4
215.4
278.6
32.4 106.8
83.5
0.0
0.4
76.6 3.2
11.3
34.8
133.9
121.8
87.2
44.8
99.1
56.4
0.2
24.7
2005
38.3
61.6
18.5
190.9
284.1 228.6
2006 41.4
3.8
27.4
24.4
369.5
433.1
292.8
370.8
244.6 150.7 162.8
97.1 115.7 39.1
4.8
16.3
35.8
5.9
2007
27.6
0.0
114.1
188.0
357.9
381.0
411.8 308.3
92.5
36.5
3.0
73.0
2008 12.8
27.3
20.0
77.9
154.7
288.1
488.3 191.4
196.7
150.1
25.3
174.5
2009
64.2
25.5
5.2
5.5
15.3
190.5
335.7
138.2
41.4
35.7
0.0
123.4
2010 11.9 25.8
44.4
180.9
509.2
406.7
358.4
337.5
143.1
119.0 105.6
78.4
2011 28.1
12.0
425.7
50.4
571.8
377.6
316.6
174.3 88.0
135.0
259.7
6.9
2012
32.8
75.9
44.6
222.6
308.6
133.7
280.7
172.0 55.4
45.5
54.6
25.2
2013
1.3
55.9
20.7
142.1 377.5
244.6
229.4
233.6
177.3 1.4
51.9
3.6
2014
11.1
12.3
11.8
60.0
181.7
330.5
222.1
150.8
40.9
68.7
6.7
7.8
2015
10.3
13.4
1.5
42.1
408.7
187.0
144.9
124.8 33.4
4.0
0.4
34.3
2016 0.7
71.6
16.4
347.8
181.7
299.3
218.6 264.7
57.0
192.7
55.6
16.3
2017
10.7
74.0
149.9
144.0
268.6
389.9
459.3
140.8
91.0
28.5
8.5
53.1
2018
7.5
2.0
5.6
109.0
267.1
2019
7.9
0.0
0.0
25.2
375.9 349.6
505.4 401.2
206.3
141.4
152.4 134.2
62.0
32.7
166.7 180.7
55.0
107.1
20.6
2020 10.5
1.6
1.6
19.2
228.7
357.9
215.7
212.6 85.0
53.8
154.1
20.9
2022
2023
2021 81.8 28.7 44.8
10.0 97.6 110.2
81.6 38.1 0.7
227.5 330.0
375.9
366.4
276.9 69.0
76.4
18.9
118.1
201.4 441.7
74.3 142.9
314.3
328.4 248.0
173.4
171.3
232.3
196.5
316.8
333.6 71.4
17.2
80.4
6.8
15.5
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