4. The cationic polymerization of polyisobutylene is industrially important. For which applications? Draw the mechanism of the initiation with aluminium chloride the first propagation steps.
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- What is the basic mechanism of an Anionic polymer (acrylic acid based as carbomers) in regards to function and “activation”? How do they work and thicken?Monomers/initators used in free radical polymerization i) What monomer can be used with benzoyl peroxide and under what conditions? ii) What monomer can be used with di-tert-butyl peroxide and under what conditions? iii) What monomer can be used with hydrogen peroxide and under what condition?The copolymerization of chloroethene and propene by free radlcal polymerization produces whlch polyrner? Click on a letter A through D to answer. A. C. В. D.
- Draw a chemical reaction scheme for the benzoyl peroxide-initiated polymerization of vinyl chloride showing the initiation, propagation and termination steps. The termination steps should include combination, disproportionation and transfer to initiator. (Assume that there is no secondary decomposition of primary radicals and that regioselective in the propagating step is 100% H-T).Methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate react with radical initiators (R•) as shown here. The difference in their reactivities in free radical polymerizations is dramatic. For example, methyl acrylate is less reactive with radicals than methyl methacrylate, but free radicals formed from methyl acrylate are more reactive than those formed from methyl methacrylate. In other words, C is more reactive than A, and B is more reactive than D. Explain these observations. Hint: Draw an energy diagram H H R• R-C C• H c=0 H CH3 CH3 Methyl acrylate for the two reactions. H CH3 CH3 R• + R-C C• H c=0 H. CH3 CH3 Methyl methacrylateChain transfer reactions can lead to branching for radical polymerizations. Draw themechanism for this process. ( polymer chemistry)
- QUESTION1: (this is the full question however can you answer part c,e and f) Methyl methacrylate is polymerized by free radical polymerization at 70 oC to form long polymer chains.(a) Draw the chemical structure of methyl methacrylate, define its molecular formula and molecular weight (in g/mol). (b) If benzoyl peroxide is used as the initiator for the polymerization of methyl methacrylate please write the chemical structures of the compounds formed during the initiation step ofthe polymerization. What would happen if the reaction is not heated at 70 oC? (c) Write the chemical structures of the polymers formed during the propagation and termination steps of the polymerization. (d) Write the trade name of the polymer formed by the polymerization of methyl methacrylate and two of its common applications. (e) If a polymer with degree of polymerization 100 is synthesized during the reaction, determine its molecular weight (in g/mol). (f) If from the polymerization of methyl methacrylate a…When isobutylene undergoes radical-initiated polymerization, which of the following would be formed at the beginning of the process?What is the degree of polymerization of each of the following polymers with molar mass 100,000 g/mol ? (a) polyacrylonitrile (b) polycaprolactam (c) poly(trimethylene ethylene-urethane) [Ans. (a) 1887; (b) 885; (c) 532] 1.3
- Indicate the correct option. Isopolyacidsa) are formed by polymerization of oxoanions of metals of groups 5-7 in their highest oxidation states.b) are formed by polymerization of oxoanions of metals of groups 5-7 in their lowest oxidation states.c) are formed by polymerization of oxoanions of metals of groups 8-9 in their lowest oxidation states.d) are heteropolyacids that contain a non-metallic element inside.6. Nylon 6 is commercially produced via the hydrolytic polymerization of E-caprolactam (azepan-2-one). The mechanism can occur via chain-growth and step-growth mechanisms. Draw these two mechanisms and explain which is expected to predominate.(A) The polymer known as polyvinyl acetate (PVAC) is used in paints and adhesives. Its structural formula is shown below. +CH;-CH¬ ... C=0 ČH3 1. Draw the structure formula of its monomer. 2. Write chemical equations that describe radical polymerization mechanism by which the PVAC could be prepared. 3. State whether head-to-tail or head-to-head orientation of monomer units in polymer chains predominates. Explain your answer by words and drawing.