4. Metallurgy in the Auto Industry The following illustration appeared in a newspaper article (New York Times: Science Times September 15, 2009) about innovation in the American steel industry. The article outlined efforts to make strong, lightweight steel for cars. heat, C cool ferrite austenite martensite iron carbon carbon Note the cool names for the two alloys, named after a famous British sports car maker. a) What is the packing system for the iron atoms in ferrite? b) Heating the ferrite in the presence of carbon leads to formation of austenite. What is the packing system for the iron atoms in austenite? c) What sort of coordination environment does the carbon occupy in austenite?
4. Metallurgy in the Auto Industry The following illustration appeared in a newspaper article (New York Times: Science Times September 15, 2009) about innovation in the American steel industry. The article outlined efforts to make strong, lightweight steel for cars. heat, C cool ferrite austenite martensite iron carbon carbon Note the cool names for the two alloys, named after a famous British sports car maker. a) What is the packing system for the iron atoms in ferrite? b) Heating the ferrite in the presence of carbon leads to formation of austenite. What is the packing system for the iron atoms in austenite? c) What sort of coordination environment does the carbon occupy in austenite?
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
Related questions
Question
Please answer letters a-k.
![h) Why did the steelworkers introduce the carbon into the metal? What role does it play
and how does it work?
i) Compare the densities of austenite and martensite. The following space-filling
diagrams may help. Assume the unit cells are the same size.
+ side of cube
diagonal
across face of
cube
Austenite
Martensite
j) Improved gas mileage is an increasingly important goal in car construction. Gas
mileage will increase as density:
increases
decreases
k) Which would be lighter weight leading to better gas mileage:
austenite
martensite
+ side of cube
+ side of cube-](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F57b758eb-d1d8-43a2-ac92-3a744feaec39%2F6cdade81-1976-4bd1-b4e6-815a8229ea71%2Fenspv8_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:h) Why did the steelworkers introduce the carbon into the metal? What role does it play
and how does it work?
i) Compare the densities of austenite and martensite. The following space-filling
diagrams may help. Assume the unit cells are the same size.
+ side of cube
diagonal
across face of
cube
Austenite
Martensite
j) Improved gas mileage is an increasingly important goal in car construction. Gas
mileage will increase as density:
increases
decreases
k) Which would be lighter weight leading to better gas mileage:
austenite
martensite
+ side of cube
+ side of cube-
![4. Metallurgy in the Auto Industry
The following illustration appeared in a newspaper article (New York Times: Science
Times September 15, 2009) about innovation in the American steel industry. The article
outlined efforts to make strong, lightweight steel for cars.
heat, C
cool
ferrite
austenite
martensite
iron
carbon
carbon
Note the cool names for the two alloys, named after a famous British sports car maker.
a) What is the packing system for the iron atoms in ferrite?
b) Heating the ferrite in the presence of carbon leads to formation of austenite. What is
the packing system for the iron atoms in austenite?
c) What sort of coordination environment does the carbon occupy in austenite?
d) What fraction of these holes are occupied?
e) Given this unit cell, what is the ratio of carbon to iron in austenite?
f) Careful cooling of the austenite leads to formation of martensite. How would you
describe the coordination environment of the carbon in martensite?
Note: This is not one of the three coordination geometries discussed. Describe it to the
best of your ability.
g) If the ratio of iron to carbon in a sample of martensite is 20:1, what does that tell you
about the frequency with which carbon atoms occur in martensite unit cells?](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F57b758eb-d1d8-43a2-ac92-3a744feaec39%2F6cdade81-1976-4bd1-b4e6-815a8229ea71%2F1last7m_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:4. Metallurgy in the Auto Industry
The following illustration appeared in a newspaper article (New York Times: Science
Times September 15, 2009) about innovation in the American steel industry. The article
outlined efforts to make strong, lightweight steel for cars.
heat, C
cool
ferrite
austenite
martensite
iron
carbon
carbon
Note the cool names for the two alloys, named after a famous British sports car maker.
a) What is the packing system for the iron atoms in ferrite?
b) Heating the ferrite in the presence of carbon leads to formation of austenite. What is
the packing system for the iron atoms in austenite?
c) What sort of coordination environment does the carbon occupy in austenite?
d) What fraction of these holes are occupied?
e) Given this unit cell, what is the ratio of carbon to iron in austenite?
f) Careful cooling of the austenite leads to formation of martensite. How would you
describe the coordination environment of the carbon in martensite?
Note: This is not one of the three coordination geometries discussed. Describe it to the
best of your ability.
g) If the ratio of iron to carbon in a sample of martensite is 20:1, what does that tell you
about the frequency with which carbon atoms occur in martensite unit cells?
Expert Solution
![](/static/compass_v2/shared-icons/check-mark.png)
This question has been solved!
Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
![Blurred answer](/static/compass_v2/solution-images/blurred-answer.jpg)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Recommended textbooks for you
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305957404/9781305957404_smallCoverImage.gif)
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259911156/9781259911156_smallCoverImage.gif)
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
![Principles of Instrumental Analysis](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305577213/9781305577213_smallCoverImage.gif)
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305957404/9781305957404_smallCoverImage.gif)
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259911156/9781259911156_smallCoverImage.gif)
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
![Principles of Instrumental Analysis](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305577213/9781305577213_smallCoverImage.gif)
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
![Organic Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780078021558/9780078021558_smallCoverImage.gif)
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
![Chemistry: Principles and Reactions](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305079373/9781305079373_smallCoverImage.gif)
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
![Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781118431221/9781118431221_smallCoverImage.gif)
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY