4. A student is performing a liquid-liquid extraction in the lab but does not know the identity of the organicsolvent being used. As such, the student does not know whether the organic or aqueous layer is on thetop or bottom of the separatory funnel. Outline a simple and quick test (not using spectroscopy) that canbe performed in the lab to determine which layers are the organic and aqueous phases.

Step 1: Liquid liquid extraction is one of the types of solvent extraction methods where non-polar…

Answered: 4. A student is performing a…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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In the experiment of extraction, what is the organic layer? and in a separatory funnel, will this organic layer be on top or below the aqueous layer? (Kindly view the attached methodology to know the materials being used and to know what's happening).
2. During heating, some solution of NaCl spattered out of the evaporating dish. How would this affect the percent recovery of the mixture?
In this lab, you used rotary evaporation to remove the neutral organic solvent. Rotary evaporation is an example of a distillation except under conditions of a reduced pressure atmosphere. What effect does a reduction in atmospheric pressure have on the observed boiling point? Explain your answer.
Briefly explain how you determined when the reaction was complete PROCEDURETo a six inch test tube was added thiamine hydrochloride (0.65 g), followed by water (2mL). The mixture was gently shaken until homogeneous, and then ethanol (7.5 mL)was added. Finally, sodium hydroxide (10%, 1.5 mL) was added and the mixture wasgently stirred to ensure complete mixing.Benzaldehyde (3.8 mL) was then added at room temperature in one portion with gentlestirring. The pH of the resulting reaction mixture was determined and adjusted to >10by dropwise addition of 10% sodium hydroxide. The reaction mixture was then partiallysubmerged in a 65 °C water bath2 and the progress of the reaction was periodicallymonitored by TLC analysis.Once TLC analysis indicated that the reaction was complete, the reaction mixture wascooled to approximately room temperature, and then chilled in an ice-water bath. Theresulting precipitate was collected by vacuum filtration and air-dried. The crude productwas purified by…
Here is the procedure: Charge a 35 mL microwave reaction vessel with 12 mL of your vegetable oil and 3 mL of methanol (methanol to vegetable oil approximately at a molar ratio of (6 : 1)). Add 0.12 grams of KOH to the mixture. Heat the solution to 85 °C for 5 minutes with stirring. (Note about microwave accelerated synthesis: The reaction is traditionally performed at 65 °C for 30 minutes under reflux in a vessel open to the atmosphere. Question: Explain the rate acceleration observed in the microwave experiment.
When conducting a recrystallization what should generally be true when comparing the compounds melting point compared to the boiling point of the solvent? Explain why this is so.

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