4. A new medication is being developed to treat severe nausea and vomiting among chemotherapy patients. The information below was generated from a small sample size (n = 11) and shows the number of times a chemotherapy patient vomited both before and after treatment due to the side effects of chemotherapy. Set up and interpret the results of a sign test at the alpha equals .05 level to determine if there is a difference in symptoms before and after treatment. Chemotherapy Patient Before Treatment After Treatment Difference Sign 1 9 3 6 + 2 12 5 8 + 3 14 7 7 + 4 9 4 5 + 5 8 2 6 + 6 11 3 8 + 7 15 7 8 + 8 12 8 4 + 9 7 8 -1 - 10 9 5 4 + 11 8 7 1 + We reject H0 in favor of H1, which states the median difference in the number of vomiting episodes in a day before and after treatment are not equal because 1 is less or equal to the critical value 1 for a sign test with a population of only 11 individuals. We reject H0 in favor of H1, which states the median difference in the number of vomiting episodes in a day before and after treatment are not equal because 10 is greater or equal to the critical value 1 for a sign test with a population of only 11 individuals. We fail to reject H0, which states the median difference in the number of vomiting episodes in a day before and after treatment are equal because 1 is less or equal to critical value 1 for a sign test with a population of only 11 individuals. We fail to reject H0, which states the median difference in the number of vomiting episodes in a day before and after treatment are equal because 10 is greater or equal to the critical value 1 for a sign test with a population of only 11 individuals.

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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4. A new medication is being developed to treat severe nausea and vomiting among chemotherapy patients. The information below was generated from a small sample size (n = 11) and shows the number of times a chemotherapy patient vomited both before and after treatment due to the side effects of chemotherapy. Set up and interpret the results of a sign test at the alpha equals .05 level to determine if there is a difference in symptoms before and after treatment.

Chemotherapy Patient	Before Treatment	After Treatment	Difference	Sign
1	9	3	6	+
2	12	5	8	+
3	14	7	7	+
4	9	4	5	+
5	8	2	6	+
6	11	3	8	+
7	15	7	8	+
8	12	8	4	+
9	7	8	-1	-
10	9	5	4	+
11	8	7	1	+

We reject H₀ in favor of H₁, which states the median difference in the number of vomiting episodes in a day before and after treatment are not equal because 1 is less or equal to the critical value 1 for a sign test with a population of only 11 individuals.
We reject H₀ in favor of H₁, which states the median difference in the number of vomiting episodes in a day before and after treatment are not equal because 10 is greater or equal to the critical value 1 for a sign test with a population of only 11 individuals.
We fail to reject H₀, which states the median difference in the number of vomiting episodes in a day before and after treatment are equal because 1 is less or equal to critical value 1 for a sign test with a population of only 11 individuals.
We fail to reject H₀, which states the median difference in the number of vomiting episodes in a day before and after treatment are equal because 10 is greater or equal to the critical value 1 for a sign test with a population of only 11 individuals.

Definition Definition Middle value of a data set. The median divides a data set into two halves, and it also called the 50th percentile. The median is much less affected by outliers and skewed data than the mean. If the number of elements in a dataset is odd, then the middlemost element of the data arranged in ascending or descending order is the median. If the number of elements in the dataset is even, the average of the two central elements of the arranged data is the median of the set. For example, if a dataset has five items—12, 13, 21, 27, 31—the median is the third item in ascending order, or 21. If a dataset has six items—12, 13, 21, 27, 31, 33—the median is the average of the third (21) and fourth (27) items. It is calculated as follows: (21 + 27) / 2 = 24.

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