30 In order for animal cell plasma membranes to function correctly they must exhibit fluidity. Which of the below statements regarding the fluidity of animal cell plasma membranes are CORRECT? i. Phospholipids containing unsaturated fatty acids can be incorporated into the plasma membrane to help maintain fluidity. ii. Many proteins embedded in the cell membrane can move laterally through the phospholipid bilayer. iii. Cholesterol acts as a fluidity buffer by reducing fluidity at moderate temperatures and by reducing solidification of the phospholipid fatty acids at low temperatures. iv. Phospholipids flip between the inner and outer layers of the membrane bilayer more frequently than they flip laterally with phospholipids that neighbour them in the same layer. Select one alternative: Oi, ii and iv only Oi, ii and iii only Oii and iii only Oi and ii only

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Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.