10. As described by the fluid mosaic model, biological membranes contain not only phospholipids but also a variety of other molecules, particularly proteins. The overarching question I want you to consider is how proteins are structured to fulfill their interactions with and functions in cell membranes. A. First, let's just consider a single-pass transmembrane protein, which has just a single region (also called domain) crossing through the phospholipid bilayer, as diagrammed to the right. Describe which regions of this transmembrane protein are likely to be hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic. B. Briefly explain the reasoning for your responses. Outside of cell (aqueous) Inside of cell (aqueous)

10. As described by the fluid mosaic model, biological membranes contain not only phospholipids but also a variety of other molecules, particularly proteins. The overarching question I want you to consider is how proteins are structured to fulfill their interactions with and functions in cell membranes. A. First, let's just consider a single-pass transmembrane protein, which has just a single region (also called domain) crossing through the phospholipid bilayer, as diagrammed to the right. Describe which regions of this transmembrane protein are likely to be hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic. B. Briefly explain the reasoning for your responses. Outside of cell (aqueous) Inside of cell (aqueous)

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Provide examples and describe basic structure/function of plasma membrane components– Phospholipids (Which is charged, what is the functional significance? Are they preferentially located on cytosolic or extracellular lipid monolayer? What is the functional significance of plasma membrane asymmetry?)– Describe phosphatidylserine signaling– Cholesterol: how does it maintain optimal fluidity?– Glycolipids– Proteins
The following table depicts the rate of transport of a molecule into a cell as the external concentrations are changed. Based on what you know about the characteristics of membrane transport, the molecule is most likely transported by: a) passive transport b) simple diffusion across the membrane c) facilitated diffusion d) active transport
3. Consider a transmembrane protein that spans the inner nuclear membrane. Suggest a pathway by which such a protein could reach its destination. In your scheme, describe how the proposed mechanism would ensure that specific proteins are stably localized to the inner nuclear membrane whereas others are not.
13. A peripheral membrane protein is best described as a protein a. embedded within the phospholipid bilayer. b. that is transmembrane in nature. c. loosely attached to the inner membrane leaflet. d. that traverses the cytosol of a living cell. 14.Sphingomyelin is identified in plasma membrane of a healthy living cell. Which of the following describes its location in that membrane? a. The outer membrane leaflet. b. In a transmembrane arrangement. c. Intercalated between phospholipids. d. Anchored to lipids facing the cytosol. 15.Protein Y is covalently linked to a fatty acid chain of phospholipid of the inner leaflet of a cell's plasma membrane, but its structure does not extend to the hydrophobic core of the phospholipid layer. Therefore protein Y a. Has glycosylated region facing the cytosol. b. functions as a ligand receptor. c. is a single transmembrane protein. d.is oriented towards the cytosolic compartment.
4) Two membrane preparations have been made from the plasma membrane of erythrocytes (i.e red blood cells) and are being maintained in an isotonic buffer solution: (1) right-side-out membrane vesicles, in which the exoplasmic leaflet of the vesicle faces the buffer (equivalent in orientation to that of the exoplasmic leaflet of the intact plasma membrane); and (2) inside-out membrane vesicles in which the exoplasmic leaflet faces the interior of the vesicles and the cytoplasmic leaflet faces the buffer. 80 a. Right-side-out vesicles (ROVS) Very Low Fluorescence Inside-out vesicles (IOVS) Very High Fluorescence A newly discovered phosphoglyceride, called phosphotidylalanine is currently being studied. Annexin V is a protein that binds to phosphatidylalanine, which is one of the phospholipids present in the cell membrane preparations described above. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V is mixed with each vesicle preparation. The vesicles are washed to remove unbound Annexin V and then…
the structure of the plasma membrane is best described as: two layers of phospholipids stacked on top of each other, with proteins embedded in the phospholipids Oa single layer of proteins and polysachharides mixed together two layers of proteins stacked on top of each other O many sheets of peptidoglycan stacked on top of each other O one layer of triglycerides on top of a layer of proteins
Explain why each option is incorrect and also explain the correct option
Integral membrane proteins... Choose all that could apply are bound to the membrane by only interacting with the phospholipid's polar head O contain many amino acids with hydrophobic residues O contain alpha-helical membrane spanning domains O would not be digested by trypsin in a permeabilized cell O interact with the phospholipid core of the phospholipid bilayer
Which of these structures would you expect to find as part of the transmembrane portion of an integral membrane protein? Structure B would be part of the transmembrane domain of an integral membrane protein. Structure C would be part of the transmembrane domain of an integral membrane protein. Structure A would be part of the transmembrane domain of an integral membrane protein.
For biological membranes, which of the following statement is NOT true? A. The phospholipid bilayer is a fluid matrix. B. Protein can be anchored to the membrane by covalently linked lipid chains. C. Proteins can move laterally across the membrane. D. For organisms living in cold temperature, their cell membranes contain more triacylglycerols. E. Transverse motion of lipid molecules can occur occasionally. Enzyme lowers when... A. The energy difference between the substrate and the transition state B. The energy difference between the product and the transition state C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B
Which of the following statements are correct about how the complex biological matrix of the cell may affect protein folding, stability and function (select all that appy)? A. ATP tends to "bounce" along the surfaces of many proteins without forming a stable complex B. Proteins make up approximately 30% of the total volume of the cytoplasm in a typical cell C. Compettition between drug molecules and metabolites in the cytoplasm may cause unexpected drug side effects not seen with individual proteins in solution. D. Large protein complexes move faster through the cytoplasm than small metabolites. E. Complex intercations between proteins in the cell may significantly destabilize a protein compared to the isolated protein in water