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3 ...| 6 e of cell Typically 0.2-2.0 m m in diameter Typically 10-100 mm in diameter ucleus No nuclear membrane or nucleoli (nucleoid) True nucleus, consisting of nuclear membrane & lembrane-enclosed Absent Present; examples include lysosomes, Golgi comp endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria & chloropla. rganelles Cell wall Usually present; chemically complex (typical When present, chemically simple bacterial cell wall includes peptidoglycan) Cytoplasm No cytosketeton Cytoskeleton Ribosomes Smaller size (70S) Larger size (8OS); smaller size (70S) in organelles Chromosome (DNA) Single circular chromosome; lacks histones Multiple linear chromosomes with histones arrangement 1. Hypothesize why ribosomes are smaller in prokaryotes? The small subunit both the ma and its proteins complexes with the large 50S subunit to form the 7OS 2. Using the table above, provide 3 evidence that supports the theory that eukaryotiç çells developed from prokaryotic cells.

3 ...| 6 e of cell Typically 0.2-2.0 m m in diameter Typically 10-100 mm in diameter ucleus No nuclear membrane or nucleoli (nucleoid) True nucleus, consisting of nuclear membrane & lembrane-enclosed Absent Present; examples include lysosomes, Golgi comp endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria & chloropla. rganelles Cell wall Usually present; chemically complex (typical When present, chemically simple bacterial cell wall includes peptidoglycan) Cytoplasm No cytosketeton Cytoskeleton Ribosomes Smaller size (70S) Larger size (8OS); smaller size (70S) in organelles Chromosome (DNA) Single circular chromosome; lacks histones Multiple linear chromosomes with histones arrangement 1. Hypothesize why ribosomes are smaller in prokaryotes? The small subunit both the ma and its proteins complexes with the large 50S subunit to form the 7OS 2. Using the table above, provide 3 evidence that supports the theory that eukaryotiç çells developed from prokaryotic cells.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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**Comparison of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells** | Feature | Prokaryotic Cells | Eukaryotic Cells | |----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------| | **Size of cell** | Typically 0.2-2.0 μm in diameter | Typically 10-100 μm in diameter | | **Nucleus** | No nuclear membrane or nucleoli (nucleoid) | True nucleus, consisting of nuclear membrane & nucleoli | | **Membrane-enclosed organelles** | Absent | Present; examples include lysosomes, Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria & chloroplasts | | **Cell wall** | Usually present; chemically complex (typical bacterial cell wall includes peptidoglycan) | When present, chemically simple | | **Cytoplasm** | No cytoskeleton | Cytoskeleton | | **Ribosomes** | Smaller size (70S) | Larger size (80S); smaller size (70S) in organelles | | **Chromosome (DNA) arrangement** | Single circular chromosome; lacks histones | Multiple linear chromosomes with histones | 1. **Hypothesize why ribosomes are smaller in prokaryotes?** The small subunit (30S) of the ribosome is complexed with the large 50S subunit to form the 70S ribosome. 2. **Using the table above, provide 3 pieces of evidence that support the theory that eukaryotic cells developed from prokaryotic cells.** - The presence of membrane-enclosed organelles in eukaryotes suggests an evolution from simpler prokaryotic cells which lack such organelles. - The more chemically complex cell wall in prokaryotes, which evolved to be simpler in eukaryotes, indicates a shift towards more specialized internal structures in eukaryotes. - The presence of a cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells, absent in prokaryotic cells, demonstrates an evolutionary adaptation for maintaining cell structure and facilitating more complex intracellular transport.
Transcribed Image Text:**Comparison of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells** | Feature | Prokaryotic Cells | Eukaryotic Cells | |----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------| | **Size of cell** | Typically 0.2-2.0 μm in diameter | Typically 10-100 μm in diameter | | **Nucleus** | No nuclear membrane or nucleoli (nucleoid) | True nucleus, consisting of nuclear membrane & nucleoli | | **Membrane-enclosed organelles** | Absent | Present; examples include lysosomes, Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria & chloroplasts | | **Cell wall** | Usually present; chemically complex (typical bacterial cell wall includes peptidoglycan) | When present, chemically simple | | **Cytoplasm** | No cytoskeleton | Cytoskeleton | | **Ribosomes** | Smaller size (70S) | Larger size (80S); smaller size (70S) in organelles | | **Chromosome (DNA) arrangement** | Single circular chromosome; lacks histones | Multiple linear chromosomes with histones | 1. **Hypothesize why ribosomes are smaller in prokaryotes?** The small subunit (30S) of the ribosome is complexed with the large 50S subunit to form the 70S ribosome. 2. **Using the table above, provide 3 pieces of evidence that support the theory that eukaryotic cells developed from prokaryotic cells.** - The presence of membrane-enclosed organelles in eukaryotes suggests an evolution from simpler prokaryotic cells which lack such organelles. - The more chemically complex cell wall in prokaryotes, which evolved to be simpler in eukaryotes, indicates a shift towards more specialized internal structures in eukaryotes. - The presence of a cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells, absent in prokaryotic cells, demonstrates an evolutionary adaptation for maintaining cell structure and facilitating more complex intracellular transport.
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