19. You are examining a population of marmots in Yellowstone National Park. Some have black fur and some have a lighter brown. You suspect the same gene that encodes for melanosome density in Labrador retrievers is the cause. You sequence the gene for 250 animals and find only two alleles in the population: BB:89, Bb: 125, bb: 36 a. Using the genotype information, calculate the allele frequencies. b. Test whether this population is likely in Hardy-Weinberg with respect to this locus. (first estimate your expected counts and then do your Chi-square test) Observed (O) 89 125 36 Expected (E) O-E (O-E)² (O-E)²/E

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Genetic Variation

Genetic variation refers to the variation in the genome sequences between individual organisms of a species. Individual differences or population differences can both be referred to as genetic variations. It is primarily caused by mutation, but other factors such as genetic drift and sexual reproduction also play a major role.

Quantitative Genetics

Quantitative genetics is the part of genetics that deals with the continuous trait, where the expression of various genes influences the phenotypes. Thus genes are expressed together to produce a trait with continuous variability. This is unlike the classical traits or qualitative traits, where each trait is controlled by the expression of a single or very few genes to produce a discontinuous variation.