18. For each of the following structures, write E if the structure is found in some or all Eukarya, write B if the structure is found in some or all Bacteria. Some of these structures may be found in organisms of more than one domain so write in ALL correct answers. lysosomes cell wall composed of peptidoglycan ribosomes plasma membrane composed of a lipid bilayer containing phospholipids nucleoid smooth endoplasmic reticulum flagella mitochondria cilia cytosol (cytoplasm)
Proteins
We generally tend to think of proteins only from a dietary lens, as a component of what we eat. However, they are among the most important and abundant organic macromolecules in the human body, with diverse structures and functions. Every cell contains thousands and thousands of proteins, each with specific functions. Some help in the formation of cellular membrane or walls, some help the cell to move, others act as messages or signals and flow seamlessly from one cell to another, carrying information.
Protein Expression
The method by which living organisms synthesize proteins and further modify and regulate them is called protein expression. Protein expression plays a significant role in several types of research and is highly utilized in molecular biology, biochemistry, and protein research laboratories.
There are three domains under which all biological entities/organisms are classified, these are;
- Bacteria
- Archaea
- Eukarya
Eukarya is the domain including complex multicellular organisms and Bacteria being placed into prokaryotes as they are unicellular and have small genome sizes with less complexity. Archae was initially called archaebacteria but now due to some differences from bacteria, archaeans have been placed into different domains called archaea.
Eukaryotes have all cellular organelles that are defined to perform specific functions(a division of labor) whilst bacteria and archaea are prokaryotic dos they do not have any cellular organelles.
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