16.97 The Temkin isotherm for gas adsorption on solids is v=r In sP, where r and s are constants. (a) What should be plotted against what to give a straight line if the Temkin isotherm is obeyed? (b) Fit the data of Prob. 16.96 to the Temkin isotherm and evaluate r and s.
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- (4.113+1 5. A monoprotic acid (HA) with K, of 8.76 x 10 has a partition coefficient of 3.9 (favoring octanol) when distributed between water and octanol, An aqueous solution (100.0 ml, pH 4.50) initially containing a 0.200 M formal concentration of HA is extracted once using 30.0 mL of octanol. a) What is the extraction efficiency? b) Calculate the formal concentration of the acid in both the water phase and the octanol phase after performing the extraction. Fwater = Foctanol = c) Would the extraction efficiency increase, decrease, or not change if the pH of the aqueous phase is adjusted to 7.00 prior to performing the extraction? no change Circle one: increase decrease Briefly explain:Suppose the concentration of a solute decays linearly along the length of a container according to c(x) = c0 - αc0x, where c0 is the concentration at x = 0. Calculate the thermodynamic force on the solute at 25 °C and at x = 10 cm and 20 cm given that the concentration falls to 1/2c0 when x = 10 cm. Hint: Start by finding the value of α.Construct the expression for Ksp for solid Ba3(P04)2 in aqueous solution. Вaз(РОa)2(s) — З Ва" (аq) + 2 РО,3 (aq) 1 Based on your knowledge of how the solid will dissociate in aqueous solution, use the tiles to form the expression. Ksp CRESET [Ba3(PO4)2] 2[Ba3(PO4)2 3[Ba3(PO4)2 [Ba3(PO4)2l [Ba3(PO4)21° [Ba*] 3[Ba*] [Ba*j [Ba"] 3[Ba2*] [PO,?] 2[PO,] [PO,7? [PO,] 2[PO,] [PO4 3[PO,°] [PO,]°
- For the adsorption of a substance A from aqueous solution by charcoal at 25C, the Freundlich constants are n = 3.0 and k = 0.50 for y in grams per gram and C in g L-1. What weight of A will be adsorbed by 2 g of charcoal from 1 L of a solution containing originally 2 g of substance? Answer is [1 g]Tooth enamel consists mainly of the mineral calcium hydroxyapatite, Can(PO)(OH). Trace elements in teeth of archeological specimens provide anthropologists with clues about diet and disease of ancient people. Students at Hamline University measured the trace element strontium in cnamel from extract wisdom teeth by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Solutions were prepared with a constant total volume of 10.0mL. containing 0.750mg dissolved tooth enamel plus variable concentration of added Sr. \table[[Added Sr (ng/mL- ppb), Signal (arbitrary units)], [0, 28.0], [2.50, 34.3], [5.00, 42.8], [7.50, 51.5], [10.00, 58.6]] a) Prepare a graph to find the concentration of Sr in the 10mL sample solution in part per billion = n m L. (2%) b) Find the concentration of Sr in tooth enamel in part per million = μ (3%) 5. Tooth enamel consists mainly of the mineral calcium hydroxyapatite, Ca(PO)(OH). Trace elements in teeth of archeological specimens provide anthropologists with clues about diet and…molecule). Suppose that the chemical potential of O, in the air in the lungs at a body temperature of 310 K is u(O2) = -.6 eV. The energy of a hemoglobin adsorption site is 0 when it is empty, -0.7 eV when occupied by an O2 molecule, and -0.85 eV when it is occupied by a CO molecule. (a) First, consider the case of when there is no CO present in the air. What is the Gibbs sum for the hemoglobin site, and what is the probability that a hemoglobin site in the lungs is occupied by an O2 molecule? (b) Now suppose there is CO present in the air at an abundance of 1/100 of that of O2. Estimate the value of the chemical potential u' for CO in the air at 310 K (you can assume that the masses of CO and O2 molecules are approximately equal). (c) What is the Gibbs sum and the probability that a hemoglobin is occu- pied by an O2 molecule?
- The calcium ion binds to a certain protein to form a 1:1 complex. The following data was obtained in an experiment: Total Ca2+/uM 60 120 180 240 480 Ca2+ bound to Protein/uM 31.2 51.2 63.4 70.8 83.4 Determine graphically the dissociation constant of the Ca2+ - protein complex. The protein concentration was kept at 96uM for each run. (1uM = 1 x 10-6 M.)P19B.9 The adsorption of solutes on solids from liquids often follows a Freundlich isotherm. Check the applicability of this isotherm to the following data for the adsorption of ethanoic acid on charcoal at 25°C and find the values of the parameters c, and c,. [acid]/(mol dm³) 0.05 0.10 0.50 1.0 1.5 w/g 0.04 0.06 0.12 0.16 0.19 where w, is the mass adsorbed per gram of charcoal.Penicillin F is recovered from a dilute aqueous fermentation broth by extraction with amyl acetate, using 6.5 volumes of solvent per 100. volumes of the aqueous phase. At pH = 3.8 the distribution coefficient KD is 74. (a) What fraction of the penicillin would be recovered in a single ideal stage? (b) What would be the recovery with three-stage extraction using fresh solvent in both stages? (c) How many ideal stages would be needed to give the same recovery as in part (b) if a counterflow cascade were used with V/L = 0.065?
- The O2-consumption curve of a dilute, well-buff ered suspension of mito chondria containing an excess of ADP and Pi takes the following form: Sketch the curves obtained when (a) amytal is added at time t = 1 and (b) amytal is added at t = 1 and succinate is added at t = 2.Construct the expression for Ksp for solid Baş(PO.)2 in aqueous solution. Ba,(PO.)2(s) = 3 Ba²"(aq) + 2 PO,3-(aq) 1 Based on your knowledge of how the solid will dissociate in aqueous solution, use the tiles to form the expression. Ksp = 5 RESET [Ba,(PO.);] 2[Ba,(PO).) 3[Ba,(PO,),) [Ba,(PO.). [Ba,(PO.)," [Ba') 3[Ba'] [Ba'p [Ba?] 3[Ba?"] [Ba?j [POF) 2[PO,2] [PO,FP [PO,] 2[PO,] [PO, P 3[PO,] [PO, "5.42. For the reaction 2Na (g) = Na₂ (g) the following values of K have been determined (C. T. Ewing et al., J. Chem. Phys. 1967, 71, 473): T(K) 900 1000 1100 1200 K 1.32 0.47 0.21 0.10 From these data, estimate AxH for the reaction. (Hint: using the function of linear regression to solve the problem)