1. Several live specimens of a new species of giant shipworm, Kuphus 3 polythalamia, have been recently discovered in the Philippines. You got your hands on a small piece of tissue, lysed it, and performed a digestion 600 bp with micrococcal nuclease. The gel to the right represents a very short 450 bp digestion (lane 1), a little longer digestion (lane 2), and a longer yet digestion (lane 3) of the DNĂ. What can you conclude from these results? 300 bp a. Around 120 nucleotides wrap around the nucleosome of the shipworm b. There is an approximately 30 base pairs long linker region between 150 bp nucleosomes c. Micrococcal nuclease recognizes a 4-base-sequence d. Shipworm's chromosomes are about 120 nucleotides long 120 bp e. a and b are both true

1. Several live specimens of a new species of giant shipworm, Kuphus 3 polythalamia, have been recently discovered in the Philippines. You got your hands on a small piece of tissue, lysed it, and performed a digestion 600 bp with micrococcal nuclease. The gel to the right represents a very short 450 bp digestion (lane 1), a little longer digestion (lane 2), and a longer yet digestion (lane 3) of the DNĂ. What can you conclude from these results? 300 bp a. Around 120 nucleotides wrap around the nucleosome of the shipworm b. There is an approximately 30 base pairs long linker region between 150 bp nucleosomes c. Micrococcal nuclease recognizes a 4-base-sequence d. Shipworm's chromosomes are about 120 nucleotides long 120 bp e. a and b are both true

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter9: Gene Expression And Gene Regulation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2CS: There have been recurring cases of mad-cow disease in the United Kingdom since the mid-1990s....

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There have been recurring cases of mad-cow disease in the United Kingdom since the mid-1990s. Mad-cow disease is caused by a prion, an infectious particle that consists only of protein. In 1986, the media began reporting that cows all over England were dying from a mysterious disease. Initially, there was little interest in determining whether humans could be affected. For 10 years, the British government maintained that this unusual disease could not be transmitted to humans. However, in March 1996, the government did an about-face and announced that bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad-cow disease, can be transmitted to humans, where it is known as variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). As in cows, this disease eats away at the nervous system, destroying the brain and essentially turning it into a spongelike structure filled with holes. Victims experience dementia; confusion; loss of speech, sight, and hearing; convulsions; coma; and finally death. Prion diseases are always fatal, and there is no treatment. Precautionary measures taken in Britain to prevent this disease in humans may have begun too late. Many of the victims contracted it over a decade earlier, when the BSE epidemic began, and the incubation period is long (vCJD has an incubation period of 10 to 40 years). A recent study concluded that 1 in 2,000 people in Great Britain carry the abnormally folded protein that causes vCJD. In spite of these numbers, the death rate from vCJD remains low. It is not clear whether this means that the incubation period for the disease is much longer than previously thought, or whether they may never develop the disease. If you were traveling in Europe, would you eat beef? Give sound reasons why or why not.
There have been recurring cases of mad-cow disease in the United Kingdom since the mid-1990s. Mad-cow disease is caused by a prion, an infectious particle that consists only of protein. In 1986, the media began reporting that cows all over England were dying from a mysterious disease. Initially, there was little interest in determining whether humans could be affected. For 10 years, the British government maintained that this unusual disease could not be transmitted to humans. However, in March 1996, the government did an about-face and announced that bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad-cow disease, can be transmitted to humans, where it is known as variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). As in cows, this disease eats away at the nervous system, destroying the brain and essentially turning it into a spongelike structure filled with holes. Victims experience dementia; confusion; loss of speech, sight, and hearing; convulsions; coma; and finally death. Prion diseases are always fatal, and there is no treatment. Precautionary measures taken in Britain to prevent this disease in humans may have begun too late. Many of the victims contracted it over a decade earlier, when the BSE epidemic began, and the incubation period is long (vCJD has an incubation period of 10 to 40 years). A recent study concluded that 1 in 2,000 people in Great Britain carry the abnormally folded protein that causes vCJD. In spite of these numbers, the death rate from vCJD remains low. It is not clear whether this means that the incubation period for the disease is much longer than previously thought, or whether they may never develop the disease. What measures have been taken to stop BSE?
There have been recurring cases of mad-cow disease in the United Kingdom since the mid-1990s. Mad-cow disease is caused by a prion, an infectious particle that consists only of protein. In 1986, the media began reporting that cows all over England were dying from a mysterious disease. Initially, there was little interest in determining whether humans could be affected. For 10 years, the British government maintained that this unusual disease could not be transmitted to humans. However, in March 1996, the government did an about-face and announced that bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad-cow disease, can be transmitted to humans, where it is known as variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (VCJD). As in cows, this disease eats away at the nervous system, destroying the brain and essentially turning it into a spongelike structure filled with holes. Victims experience dementia; confusion; loss of speech, sight, and hearing; convulsions; coma; and finally death. Prion diseases are always fatal, and there is no treatment. Precautionary measures taken in Britain to prevent this disease in humans may have begun too late. Many of the victims contracted it over a decade earlier, when the BSE epidemic began, and the incubation period is long (VCJD has an incubation period of 10 to 40 years). A recent study concluded that 1 in 2,000 people in Great Britain carry the abnormally folded protein that causes VCJD. In spite of these numbers, the death rate from VCJD remains low. It is not clear whether this means that the incubation period for the disease is much longer than previously thought, or whether they may never develop the disease. How can a prion replicate itself without genetic material?
10. In a secret cabinet of a lab, you find two Petri dishes in storage and a mysterious lab notebook. In an effort to identify the bacteria, you run some tests (taking all necessary safety precautions) and look through the lab notebook. You find that the two Petri dishes contain the same type of nutrient medium and both bacteria seem to be Escherichia sp., but that the bacteria in plate 1 are producing large amounts of a variety of neurotoxins. The bacteria in plate 2 are not producing any major exported product. You also find this chart in the lab notebook: A E. coli growth rate (biomass/hour) Given that Strain 2 is normal E.coli (the control) and Strain 1 is a genetically engineered strain of E.coli, which line is most likely to represent strain 1, and why? A. Line B, since strain 1 should exhibit lower than normal growth efficiency. B. Line B, since strain 1 should exhibit higher than normal growth efficiency. C. Line A, since strain 1 should exhibit lower than normal growth…
Nodules found on the roots of leguminous plants like soybeans harbor bacteria that fix nitrogen. These nodules are an example of the intimate and specialized partnerships that have been established over time between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Coevolution maintains these types of relationships because both participants benefit. Plants receive biologically useful forms of nitrogen needed for growth, and the bacteria reside in an oxygen-free environment required by enzymes involved in the nitrogen-fixing process. Humans also maintain intimate associations with beneficial bacteria and even archaea. In fact, the prokaryotic cells in and on human bodies outnumber the eukaryotic human cells by tenfold, according to some estimates. These microbial inhabitants help humans digest food, provide essential vitamins absorbed by the intestines, and even impact the immune system. The microbes that coevolve with plants arrive by infection of root tissue. The microbiota that coevolve with humans…
The cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis allows nutrients and certain drugs to pass slowly and make tubercle bacilli resistant to detergents and strong acids. What characteristic does this wall have to become so? O Hydrophobic structure O Thick peptidoglycan layer O High protein content O None of mentioned