1. Rob, 22 year old construction worker is non-smoker and maintains healthy life style. He is brought to the emergency room with a change in mental status after working a 10-hour shift on a hot summer day (average outside temperature was 101°F). Rob had been sweating profusely during the day but did not drink fluids. He has a fever of 102°F, heart rate of 140 bpm, and blood pressure of 100/55 mm Hg in the supine position. On examination, he has no perspiration, appears to have dry mucous membranes, and is poorly oriented to person, place, and time. Assuming that his kidneys were normal yesterday, which of the following sets of hormone levels describes his condition, compared with normal? A) High antidiuretic hormone (ADH), high renin, low angiotensin II, low aldosterone B) Low ADH, low renin, low angiotensin II, low aldosterone C) High ADH, low renin, high angiotensin II, low aldosterone D) High ADH, high renin, high angiotensin II, high aldosterone E) Low ADH, high renin, low angiotensin II, high aldosterone Briefly explain the rationale of selecting the choice: 2. You are working as a Registered Nurse in a clinic. Dr. Edwards asked you to administer a vasodilator drug to a patient. The drug caused a 50% decrease in renal afferent arteriolar resistance and no change in arterial pressure. Which of the following changes would you expect to find after administering the drug? A) Decreased renal blood flow, decreased GFR, and decreased peritubular capillary hydrostatic pressure B) Decreased renal blood flow, decreased GFR, and increased peritubular capillary hydrostatic pressure C) Increased renal blood flow, increased GFR, and increased peritubular capillary hydrostatic pressure D) Increased renal blood flow, increased GFR, and no change in peritubular capillary hydrostatic pressure E) Increased renal blood flow, increased GFR, and decreased peritubular capillary hydrostatic pressure Briefly explain the rationale of selecting the choice: 3. Patient: Rob, 28 years old, non smoker, admitted with high fever. His Lab Report: • Average hydrostatic pressure in the glomerular capillaries is 50 mm Hg, • Hydrostatic pressure in the Bowman's space is 12 mm Hg, • Average colloid osmotic pressure in the glomerular capillaries is 30 mm Hg, no protein in the glomerular ultrafiltrate. What is the net pressure driving glomerular filtration? Show your calculation.