1. Draw curved arrow(s) for the following mechanism (draw lone pair of electrons where relevant) and classify each reaction step as one of the four elementary ionic reaction patterns (numbers in circles). 2. Follow the curved arrows to draw the products of reaction A. H + H2 + + H. H2N.

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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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**Learning Target 9**

**Criteria for satisfactory score**

Elementary mechanistic steps must be correctly identified. All curved arrows must be unambiguous and correctly represent the depicted mechanism. The answer must include a molecular/orbital drawing where specified.

**Tasks**

1. Draw curved arrow(s) for the following mechanism (draw lone pair of electrons where relevant) and classify each reaction step as one of the four elementary ionic reaction patterns (numbers in circles).
2. Follow the curved arrows to draw the products of reaction A.

**Reactions Sequence Explanation:**

1. **Reaction 1**
   - A molecule with an aldehyde group reacts with a hydride ion (\( H^-\)).
   - The hydride ion attacks the carbonyl carbon, resulting in the conversion of the carbonyl group to an alkoxide ion.
   - Product: An ionized alcohol and \( H_2 \).

2. **Reaction 2**
   - An acyl chloride reacts with an anion containing an alkoxide group.
   - The alkoxide ion attacks the carbonyl carbon of the acyl chloride, forming an ester linkage and releasing a chloride ion.

3. **Reaction 3**
   - The product from Reaction 2 undergoes an intramolecular transformation.
   - This leads to the formation of a stable product along with a chloride ion as a by-product.

**Figure 6: Multi-step reaction sequence**

- The figure illustrates a multi-step reaction mechanism involving several organic functional groups.
- Curved arrows indicate electron movement: an electron pair from a nitrogen and oxygen containing cyclic structure attacks another molecule, facilitating bond formation or breaking.
- An aromatic ring with attached substituents undergoes transformations.
- The final product (not shown) should be deduced by following the electron flow indicated by the arrows and considering the possible reaction sequences.
Transcribed Image Text:**Learning Target 9** **Criteria for satisfactory score** Elementary mechanistic steps must be correctly identified. All curved arrows must be unambiguous and correctly represent the depicted mechanism. The answer must include a molecular/orbital drawing where specified. **Tasks** 1. Draw curved arrow(s) for the following mechanism (draw lone pair of electrons where relevant) and classify each reaction step as one of the four elementary ionic reaction patterns (numbers in circles). 2. Follow the curved arrows to draw the products of reaction A. **Reactions Sequence Explanation:** 1. **Reaction 1** - A molecule with an aldehyde group reacts with a hydride ion (\( H^-\)). - The hydride ion attacks the carbonyl carbon, resulting in the conversion of the carbonyl group to an alkoxide ion. - Product: An ionized alcohol and \( H_2 \). 2. **Reaction 2** - An acyl chloride reacts with an anion containing an alkoxide group. - The alkoxide ion attacks the carbonyl carbon of the acyl chloride, forming an ester linkage and releasing a chloride ion. 3. **Reaction 3** - The product from Reaction 2 undergoes an intramolecular transformation. - This leads to the formation of a stable product along with a chloride ion as a by-product. **Figure 6: Multi-step reaction sequence** - The figure illustrates a multi-step reaction mechanism involving several organic functional groups. - Curved arrows indicate electron movement: an electron pair from a nitrogen and oxygen containing cyclic structure attacks another molecule, facilitating bond formation or breaking. - An aromatic ring with attached substituents undergoes transformations. - The final product (not shown) should be deduced by following the electron flow indicated by the arrows and considering the possible reaction sequences.
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