1. Consider the structure shown on the right and answer the following questions about it (fill in blanks or circle proper choice). H 14. 1+0 1+0 44 a. Its molecular formula is C H O and so it fits the general formula for a carbohydrate, which is C₂( ). b. Specifically, this structure is (a D/ an L) (aldo/keto) (pent/hex) (ase/ose). c. Will it be optically active? d. If the top carbon was converted to a CH₂OH, would it be optically active? e. This molecule can form a six membered ring by addition of one of its -OH groups to the C-O group. Draw a circle around the -OH group which would lead to this ring. This is called a (furanose/pyranose) ring. Draw the structure of this ring in the space on the right. f. This molecule can also form a five membered ring by addition of one of its -OH groups to the C-O group. Draw a square around the -OH group which would lead to this ring. This is called a (furanose/pyranose) ring. 0 -OH H H -OH CH₂OH six member ring form
Reactive Intermediates
In chemistry, reactive intermediates are termed as short-lived, highly reactive atoms with high energy. They rapidly transform into stable particles during a chemical reaction. In specific cases, by means of matrix isolation and at low-temperature reactive intermediates can be isolated.
Hydride Shift
A hydride shift is a rearrangement of a hydrogen atom in a carbocation that occurs to make the molecule more stable. In organic chemistry, rearrangement of the carbocation is very easily seen. This rearrangement can be because of the movement of a carbocation to attain stability in the compound. Such structural reorganization movement is called a shift within molecules. After the shifting of carbocation over the different carbon then they form structural isomers of the previous existing molecule.
Vinylic Carbocation
A carbocation where the positive charge is on the alkene carbon is known as the vinyl carbocation or vinyl cation. The empirical formula for vinyl cation is C2H3+. In the vinyl carbocation, the positive charge is on the carbon atom with the double bond therefore it is sp hybridized. It is known to be a part of various reactions, for example, electrophilic addition of alkynes and solvolysis as well. It plays the role of a reactive intermediate in these reactions.
Cycloheptatrienyl Cation
It is an aromatic carbocation having a general formula, [C7 H7]+. It is also known as the aromatic tropylium ion. Its name is derived from the molecule tropine, which is a seven membered carbon atom ring. Cycloheptatriene or tropylidene was first synthesized from tropine.
Stability of Vinyl Carbocation
Carbocations are positively charged carbon atoms. It is also known as a carbonium ion.
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