1. A student is given a hand crank flashlight as seen below. The student reads the following excerpt about the basic construct of the flashlight. The hand crank flashlight consists of a hand crank, a generator, wires and a bulb. Based on the excerpt and the basic diagram of the flashlight, which of the following transformations occur when the flashlight is being used? A. Transformation 1: Mechanical Energy to Electrical Energy Transformation 2: Electrical Energy to Light and Heat Energy Explanation: The hand crank converts chemical energy from the battery to electrical energy transferred through the wires to light and heat energy in the bulb. B. Transformation 1: Mechanical Energy to Electrical Energy Transformation 2: Electrical Energy to Light and Heat Energy Explanation: The generator converts mechanical energy from turming the hand crank to electrical energy, which in turn is transferred through the wires to bulb which produces light and heat energy. C. Transformation 1: Chemical Energy to Electrical Energy Transformation 2: Electrical Energy to Light and Heat Energy Explanation: The hand crank converts chemical energy from the battery to electrical energy transferred through the wires to light and heat energy in the bulb. D. Transformation 1: Electrical Energy to Light Energy Transformation 2: Light Energy to Heat Energy Explanation: The generator converts mechanical energy from tuming the hand crank to electrical energy, which in turn is transferred through the wires to bulb which produces light and heat energy.

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