Introduction to Biostatistics and EpidemiologyLABORATORY SESSION 4 and 5: ACTIVITY GUIDEMeasures of Central Tendency & Variability and Displaying Public Health Data1. A community-based intervention program for hypertension was undertaken in twocommunities to compare the effect of a non-pharmacological and pharmacologicinterventions for mild to moderate hypertension. A baseline survey was conducted whichyielded the following results:Community ACommunity BSmoking HabitHypertensiveNormotensive Hypertensive NormotensiveSmoker6981,3257091,342Non-smoker7487,8628858,450TOTAL10,63311,386а)What is the prevalence of each of the two communities?2. For each of the following problems: 1) Indicate which measure/s of morbidity (prevalence,incidence proportion, or incidence rate) can be computed from the given data and showyour computations; and 2) briefly interpret each of the measures you computed.a) During a five-year period, there were 521 injuries due to the accidents among thepersonnel at certain medical laboratories. The number of employees in theselaboratories was 540 at the beginning of the period and 610 at the end.b) In a mass screening of 1,350 65-year-old men, 130 were found to have a certaindisease. During the following 10-year period, another 120 contracted this disease.

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MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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The data below are from an independent-measures experiment comparing three different treatment conditions. Use an ANOVA with a = .05 to determine whether these data indicate any significant differences among the treatments Treatment 1 Treatment 2 Treatment 3 0 1 4 N = 12 0 4 3 G = 24 0 1 6 åX2 = 92 2 0 3 M = 0.5 T = 2 M = 1.5 T = 6 M = 4 T = 16 SS = 3 SS = 9 SS = 6
Individual actions can play a large role in the overall health of our planet. A researcher interested in evaluating environment friendly behaviors evaluated how often people recycle (per month) based on whether they have an overall optimistic or an overall pessimistic attitude toward eco-friendly behaviors. The results from this hypothetical study are given in the table. Test whether or not recycling behaviors differed between groups using a .05 level of significance. State the value of the test statistics and the decision to retain or reject the null hypothesis. Compute effect size using eta- squared (n^2). Pessimistic Optimistic 3 4 0 9 4 6 2 8 1 9 6 5 3 6 5 8 0 6 5 7
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Would a descriptive, correlational, independet and dependent variable, quasi-experimental or experiemental, quantitative research design be best for a research question regarding social skills training versus pharmacological treatment?
The following data summarize the results from an independent-measures study comparing three treatment conditions. Treatment I II III N = 12 3 5 6 G = 60 5 5 10 ∑X2 = 392 3 1 10 1 5 6 x̅1 = 3 x̅2 = 4 x̅3 = 8 T1 = 12 T2 = 16 T3 =32…
6) The following data summarize the results from an independent-measures study comparing three treatment conditions. Treatment II 3. 6. N= 12 10 G = 60 1 10 EX = 392 1 5. 6. M = 3 M = 4 M= 8 T= 12 T= 16 T= 32 SS = 8 SS = 12 SS = 16 a) Use an ANOVA with a = .05 to determine whether there are any significant differences among the three treatment means. b) Calculate n² to measure the effect size for this study. c) Write a sentence demonstrating how a research report would present the results of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size. 3.
Acne is a common skin disease that affects most adolescents and can continue into adulthood. A study compared the effectiveness of three acne treatments and a placebo, all in gel form, applied twice daily for 12 weeks. The study's 517 teenage volunteers were randomly assigned to one of the four treatments. Success was assessed as clear or almost clear skin at the end of the 12 week period. The results of the study can be seen in the table below. Using the appropriate statistical test, determine if there is significant evidence that the four treatments perform differently. If so, how do they compare.
Popular Diets. In the article “Comparison of the Atkins, Ornish, Weight Watchers, and Zone Diets for Weight Loss and Heart Disease Risk Reduction” (Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 293, No. 1, pp. 43–53), M. Dansinger et al. conducted a randomized trial to assess the effectiveness of four popular diets for weight loss. Overweight adults with average body mass index of 35 and ages 22–72 years participated in the randomized trial for 1 year. The weight losses, in kilograms, based on the results of the experiment are given on the WeissStats site. Negative losses are gains. WW = Weight Watchers. a. Obtain individual normal probability plots and the standard deviations of the samples. b. Perform a residual analysis. c. Use your results from parts (a) and (b) to decide whether conducting a one-way ANOVA test on the data is reasonable. If so, also do parts (d) and (e). d. Use a one-way ANOVA test to decide, at the 5% significance level, whether the data provide sufficient…
NCI Cancer Bulletin, December 2, 2008 Volume 5 / Number 24 Title of the article: After Menopause, Weight Affects Breast Cancer Rates More than Mammography Use Women who are overweight or obese after menopause face an increased risk of breast cancer, but a large prospective cohort study indicates that the frequency of mammography use and screening accuracy are not the primary explanations for higher rates of breast cancer in these women. The same is true of large, invasive breast cancer tumors and advanced stage disease; risk increases with weight, but higher rates are not explained by the frequency or accuracy of screening mammography before breast cancer was diagnosed. The study appears in the December 3 Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Dr. Karla Kerlikowske of the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and colleagues gathered data on 287,115 postmenopausal women who were registered in the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium database. Reflecting a trend in the…
NCI Cancer Bulletin, December 2, 2008 Volume 5 / Number 24 Title of the article: After Menopause, Weight Affects Breast Cancer Rates More than Mammography Use Women who are overweight or obese after menopause face an increased risk of breast cancer, but a large prospective cohort study indicates that the frequency of mammography use and screening accuracy are not the primary explanations for higher rates of breast cancer in these women. The same is true of large, invasive breast cancer tumors and advanced stage disease; risk increases with weight, but higher rates are not explained by the frequency or accuracy of screening mammography before breast cancer was diagnosed. The study appears in the December 3 Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Dr. Karla Kerlikowske of the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and colleagues gathered data on 287,115 postmenopausal women who were registered in the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium database. Reflecting a trend in the…
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