The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations mandated that hospitals ban smoking by 1994. To study the effects of this ban on smoking behaviors, subjects were randomly selected from two different populations: those from hospitals with the ban and those from hospitals without the ban. Investigators were interested in determining if this smoking ban had any impact on the proportion of smokers employed at each hospital that then quit smoking. Among 843 smoking
The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations mandated that hospitals ban smoking by 1994.
To study the effects of this ban on smoking behaviors, subjects were randomly selected from two different populations: those from hospitals with the ban and those from hospitals without the ban. Investigators were interested in determining if this smoking ban had any impact on the proportion of smokers employed at each hospital that then quit smoking.
Among 843 smoking employees of hospitals with the smoking ban, 56 quit smoking during the study period.
Among 703 smoking employees from workplaces without the smoking ban, 27 quit smoking during the study period.
Below is the Stata output that was run to determine if there was a statistically significant difference between these two proportions at the α=0.05 level.
A. What is the estimate of the proportion of smokers from the hospitals that implemented the ban that quit smoking (the blank labeled "C" in the above output)? (ROUND TO 3 DECIMAL PLACES!!)
B.Calculate the standard error used for the hypothesis test to determine if there was a statistically significant difference between these two proportions . (ROUND TO 3 DECIMAL PLACES!!)
C. State the definition of a p-value then Calculate the appropriate p-value for the hypothesis test and state what your conclusion regarding the effect of the smoking ban? Answer in terms of the original question and use the hypothesis test to inform your decision. (Round to 3 decimal places).
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