### Chemical Reactions Involving Alkenes#### 1. Electrophilic Addition of Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)\[ \text{RCH=CH}_2 + \text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{R-CH-CH}_3 \]\[ \text{Cl} \]**Explanation:**The reaction involves an alkene (\(\text{RCH=CH}_2\)) reacting with hydrochloric acid (HCl), resulting in the formation of a chloroalkane (\(\text{R-CH-CH}_3\)), where a chlorine atom is added to one of the carbon atoms formerly part of the double bond.#### 2. Acid-Catalyzed Hydration\[ \text{RCH=CH}_2 + \text{H}_3\text{O}^+ \xrightarrow{\text{H}_2\text{O}} \text{R-CH=CH}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]**Explanation:**This reaction shows the hydration of an alkene using an acid catalyst (\(\text{H}_3\text{O}^+\)) to form an alcohol. Water (\(\text{H}_2\text{O}\)) assists in this process, resulting in the addition of an \(\text{OH}\) group.#### 3. Addition of Bromine (Br\(_2\))\[ \text{RCH=CH}_2 + \text{Br}_2 \xrightarrow{\text{non-nucleophilic solvent}} \]**Explanation:**In this scenario, bromine (\(\text{Br}_2\)) reacts with the alkene (\(\text{RCH=CH}_2\)) in the presence of a non-nucleophilic solvent. This typically results in the addition of bromine across the double bond, creating a dibromoalkane, although the specific product is not shown.**Note:** Each of these reactions involves the transformation of an alkene, which is a compound with a carbon-carbon double bond, into a more saturated compound through the addition of another element or group.

Addition of HX to alkene takes place according to Markovnikov rule to form alkyl halide.Addition of…

Answered: (1) RCH-CH₂ + HCI- (2) RCH-CH₂ + H3O*…

(1) RCH-CH₂ + HCI- (2) RCH-CH₂ + H3O* R-CH=CH₂ +H30 (3) RCH-CH₂ + Br2 H₂O R-CH-CH3 CI non-nucleophilic solvent R-CH=CH 2 +H-C1 R.- CH-CH3 CI

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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