What is the mechanism to get from the reactant to the products **Functional Group Transformations:**| Starting Compound Class | Typical Reagents and Reaction Conditions | Compound Class Formed ||-------------------------|------------------------------------------|-------------------------|| **5)** Alkyne | HX (2 equiv) | Geminal dihalide || ![Alkyne structure: C≡C] | | ![Geminal dihalide structure: H-C-C-H with halogen atoms X attached to each carbon] || **6)** Alkyne | H₂O, TfOH, CF₃CH₂OH | Ketone || ![Alkyne structure: C≡C] | | ![Ketone structure: H-C(=O)-C-R] |**Diagram Descriptions:**1. **Reaction 5**: An alkyne undergoes a transformation using two equivalents of hydrogen halide (HX). The result is a geminal dihalide, where the halogen atoms (X) are added to the same carbon atom adjacent to the hydrogen atom across the triple bond.2. **Reaction 6**: An alkyne is treated with water (H₂O) in the presence of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TfOH) and ethyl trifluoroacetate (CF₃CH₂OH). The transformation yields a ketone, characterized by a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms.

Addition reaction involve combining two reactants to give a product. Addition of 2 equivalent of HX…

Functional Group Transformations? Starting Compound Typical Reagents Compound and Reaction Class Class Conditions Formed HX HX (2 equiv) (5) -C C- -C-C- Alkyne HX Geminal dihalide H. H20 (6) -C=C- H-C-C TFOH, Alkyne CF3CH,OH Ketone

Functional Group Transformations? Starting Compound Typical Reagents Compound and Reaction Class Class Conditions Formed HX HX (2 equiv) (5) -C C- -C-C- Alkyne HX Geminal dihalide H. H20 (6) -C=C- H-C-C TFOH, Alkyne CF3CH,OH Ketone

Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry

2nd Edition

ISBN:9780618974122

Author:Andrei Straumanis

Publisher:Andrei Straumanis

Chapter18: Aromaticity

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 18CTQ

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Question

What is the mechanism to get from the reactant to the products

**Functional Group Transformations:**

| Starting Compound Class | Typical Reagents and Reaction Conditions | Compound Class Formed |
|-------------------------|------------------------------------------|-------------------------|
| **5)** Alkyne | HX (2 equiv) | Geminal dihalide |
| ![Alkyne structure: C≡C] | | ![Geminal dihalide structure: H-C-C-H with halogen atoms X attached to each carbon] |

| **6)** Alkyne | H₂O, TfOH, CF₃CH₂OH | Ketone |
| ![Alkyne structure: C≡C] | | ![Ketone structure: H-C(=O)-C-R] |

**Diagram Descriptions:**

1. **Reaction 5**: An alkyne undergoes a transformation using two equivalents of hydrogen halide (HX). The result is a geminal dihalide, where the halogen atoms (X) are added to the same carbon atom adjacent to the hydrogen atom across the triple bond.

2. **Reaction 6**: An alkyne is treated with water (H₂O) in the presence of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TfOH) and ethyl trifluoroacetate (CF₃CH₂OH). The transformation yields a ketone, characterized by a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms.

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