5 O See page 685The reaction below is started in a 1.0L vessel at 461.2 "c.H, (g) +1,() 2H(g)1st attempthd See Periodic Table O See HintInitially, 0.146 mole of H,, 0.146 mole of , and 1.98 mole of HI are present. If the value of K. is 46.57, what is the concentration of HIwhen the reaction has reached equilibrium?M

Given, Volume of the vessel = 1 L Concentration of H2 [H2] = 0.146/1 = 0.146 M Concentration of…

1, (e) +1,e)2e) 1st attempt Jhd See Periodic Table O See Hint Initially, 0.146 mole of H. 0.146 mole of I, and 1.98 mole of Hl are present. If the value of K, is 46.57, what is the concentration of HI when the reaction has reached equilibrium? M

1, (e) +1,e)2e) 1st attempt Jhd See Periodic Table O See Hint Initially, 0.146 mole of H. 0.146 mole of I, and 1.98 mole of Hl are present. If the value of K, is 46.57, what is the concentration of HI when the reaction has reached equilibrium? M

Chemistry: Matter and Change

1st Edition

ISBN:9780078746376

Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom

Publisher:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom

Chapter17: Chemical Equilibrium

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 48A

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The figures below represent the following reaction at equilibrium at different temperatures. A2(g)+3B2(g)2AB3(g)where squares represent atom A and circles represent atom B. Is the reaction exothermic?
12.100 A reaction important in smog formation is O3(g)+NO(g)O2(g)+NO2(g)K=6.01034 (a) If the initial concentrations are [O3]=1.0106M,[NO]=1.0105M,[NO2]=2.5104M, and [O2]=8.2103M , is the system at equilibrium? If not, in which direction does the reaction proceed? (b) If the temperature is increased, as on a very warm day, will the concentrations of the products increase or decrease? (HINT: You may have to calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction to find out if it is exothermic or endothermic.)
The following is a thought experiment. Imagine that you put a little water in a test tube and add some NaF crystals. Immediately after you add NaF, you observe that the crystals begin dissolving. The quantity of solid NaF decreases, hut before long, it appears that no more NaF is dissolving. The solution is saturated. The equation for the dissolution of NaF in water is NaF(s) —* Na (aq) + F~(aq). As NaF dissolves, what do you think happens to the rate of dissolution? Describe w hat is occurring on the molecular level. Assume that the reverse reaction, Na+(aq) + F“(aq) —* NaF(s), also occurs as the crystal dissolves. In other words, both dissolution and precipitation are taking place. When it appears that there is no more change in the quantin’ of NaF dissolving (the solution is saturated), w hat has happened to the rates of the forward and reverse reactions? Explain your answer.
The boxes shown below represent a set of initial conditions for the reaction: Draw a quantitative molecular picture that shows what this system looks like after the reactants are mixed in one of the boxes and the system reaches equilibrium. Support your answer with calculations. Consider an equilibrium mixture of four chemicals (A, B, C, and D, all gases) reacting in a closed flask according to the foll owing equation: A+BC+D a. You add more A to the flask. How does the concentration of each chemical compare to its original concentration after equilibrium is re-established? Justify your answer. b. You have the original set-up at equilibrium, and add more D to the flask. How does the concentration of each chemical compare to its original concentration after equilibrium is re-established? Justify your answer.
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In the text, the equation G=G+RTIn(Q) was derived for gaseous reactions where the quantities in Q were expressed in units of pressure. We also can use units of mol/L for the quantities in Q, specifical.ly for aqueous reactions. With this in mind, consider the reaction HF(aq)H+(aq)+F-(aq) for which Ka = 7.2 104 at 25C. Calculate G for the reaction under the following conditions at 25C. a. [HF] = [H+] = [F] = 1.0 M b. [HF] = 0.98 M, [H+] = [F] = 2.7 102M c. [HF] = [H+] = [F] = 1.0 105 M d. [HF] = [F] = 0.27 M, [H+] = 7.2 104M e. [HF] = 0.52 M, [F] = 0.67 M, [H+] = 1.0 103M Based on the calculated G values, in what direction will the reaction shift to reach equilibrium for each of the five sets of conditions?
For a precipitation reaction to be useful in a gravimetric analysis, the product of the reaction must be insoluble. Is Kc1,1 or 1 for a useful precipitation reaction?