.Let f(x) = ax +b, and g(x) = cx +d. Find a condition on the constants a, b, c, d such that f◦g=g◦f.

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ChapterP: Prerequisites: Fundamental Concepts Of Algebra
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Problem 16 (#2.3.34).Let f(x) = ax +b, and g(x) = cx +d. Find a condition
on the constants a, b, c, d such that f◦g=g◦f.
Proof. By definition, f◦g(x) = a(cx +d) + b=acx +ad +b, and g◦f(x) =
c(ax +b) + d=acx +bc +d. Setting the two equal, we see
acx +ad +b=acx +bc +d
ad +b=bc +d
(a−1)d=(c−1)b
That last step was merely added for aesthetic reasons.
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