. Consider the genetic code for the amino acid phenylalanine (abbreviations: Phe, F) and single base substitutions in its codons. A. How many codons does Phe have? B. List the set of different amino acids could be reached by missense mutations in each of its codons. C. List the sub-set of these amino acids that arise from transition mutations and the complementary set that arise from transversion mutations

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Table of the Standard Genetic Code
Middle base
5'- C_-3'
UCU Ser (S) |UAU Tyr (Y)
UCC Ser (S) UAC Tyr (Y)
UCA Ser (S)
UCG Ser (S)UAG Ter
CCU Pro (P) CAU His (H)
CCC Pro (P)
CCA Pro (P) CAA GIn (Q)
CCG Pro (P) CAG GIn (Q)
5'- _U -3'
5'-_A_-3'
5'-_G_-3'
5'-U_-3' UUU Phe (F)
5'-U_-3' UUC Phe (F)
5'-U_-3' |UUA Leu (L)
5'-U_-3' UUG Leu (L)
5'-C_-3' |CUU Leu (L)
5'-C_-3' |CUC Leu (L)
5'-C_-3' CUA Leu (L)
5'-C_ -3' CUG Leu (L)
UGU Cys (C) 5'-_U-3'
5'-_C-3'
5'-_A-3'
UGG Trp (W) 5'-_G-3'
5'- U-3'
5'-C-3'
5'-_A-3"
5'- G-3'
5'- U-3'
5'-_C-3'
5- А-3'
5'-_G-3'
GCU Ala (A) GAU Asp (D) GGU Gly (G) 5'-_U-3'
5'-C-3'
GGA Gly (G)5'-_A-3'
GGG Gly (G) 5'-_G-3'
UGC Cys (C)
UGA Ter
UAA Ter
CGU Arg (R)
CGC Arg (R)
CGA Arg (R)
CGG Arg (R)
ACU Thr (T)|AAU Asn (N) AGU Ser (S)
AAC Asn (N) AGC Ser (S)
AGA Arg (R)
AGG Arg (R)
CAC His (H)
5'-A_-3' |AUU lle (1)
5'-A_-3' AUC Ile (1)
5'-A_-3' |AUA lle (1)
5'-A_-3' |AUG Met (M) ACG Thr (T) AAG Lys (K)
5'-G_-3' GUU Val (V)
5'-G_-3' GUC Val (V)
5'-G_-3' GUA Val (V)
5'-G_-3' GUG Val (V)
ACC Thr (T)
ACA Thr (T) AAA Lys (K)
GCC Ala (A)GAC Asp (D)
GCA Ala (A) GAA Glu (E)
GCG Ala (A) GAG Glu (E)
GGC Gly (G)
Non-polar
Acidic
Basic
Polar-uncharged
Termination
Initiation
5' base
3' base
Transcribed Image Text:Table of the Standard Genetic Code Middle base 5'- C_-3' UCU Ser (S) |UAU Tyr (Y) UCC Ser (S) UAC Tyr (Y) UCA Ser (S) UCG Ser (S)UAG Ter CCU Pro (P) CAU His (H) CCC Pro (P) CCA Pro (P) CAA GIn (Q) CCG Pro (P) CAG GIn (Q) 5'- _U -3' 5'-_A_-3' 5'-_G_-3' 5'-U_-3' UUU Phe (F) 5'-U_-3' UUC Phe (F) 5'-U_-3' |UUA Leu (L) 5'-U_-3' UUG Leu (L) 5'-C_-3' |CUU Leu (L) 5'-C_-3' |CUC Leu (L) 5'-C_-3' CUA Leu (L) 5'-C_ -3' CUG Leu (L) UGU Cys (C) 5'-_U-3' 5'-_C-3' 5'-_A-3' UGG Trp (W) 5'-_G-3' 5'- U-3' 5'-C-3' 5'-_A-3" 5'- G-3' 5'- U-3' 5'-_C-3' 5- А-3' 5'-_G-3' GCU Ala (A) GAU Asp (D) GGU Gly (G) 5'-_U-3' 5'-C-3' GGA Gly (G)5'-_A-3' GGG Gly (G) 5'-_G-3' UGC Cys (C) UGA Ter UAA Ter CGU Arg (R) CGC Arg (R) CGA Arg (R) CGG Arg (R) ACU Thr (T)|AAU Asn (N) AGU Ser (S) AAC Asn (N) AGC Ser (S) AGA Arg (R) AGG Arg (R) CAC His (H) 5'-A_-3' |AUU lle (1) 5'-A_-3' AUC Ile (1) 5'-A_-3' |AUA lle (1) 5'-A_-3' |AUG Met (M) ACG Thr (T) AAG Lys (K) 5'-G_-3' GUU Val (V) 5'-G_-3' GUC Val (V) 5'-G_-3' GUA Val (V) 5'-G_-3' GUG Val (V) ACC Thr (T) ACA Thr (T) AAA Lys (K) GCC Ala (A)GAC Asp (D) GCA Ala (A) GAA Glu (E) GCG Ala (A) GAG Glu (E) GGC Gly (G) Non-polar Acidic Basic Polar-uncharged Termination Initiation 5' base 3' base
1. Consider the genetic code for the amino acid phenylalanine (abbreviations: Phe, F) and single base substitutions in its codons.
A. How many codons does Phe have?
B. List the set of different amino acids could be reached by missense mutations in each of its codons.
C. List the sub-set of these amino acids that arise from transition mutations and the complementary set that arise from
transversion mutations
D. Is the set of missense mutations caused by transitions more or less conservative in general chemical properties relative to
Phe than those that could be reached by transversion mutations?
E. Is a nonsense mutation of any of Phe's codons possible?
Transcribed Image Text:1. Consider the genetic code for the amino acid phenylalanine (abbreviations: Phe, F) and single base substitutions in its codons. A. How many codons does Phe have? B. List the set of different amino acids could be reached by missense mutations in each of its codons. C. List the sub-set of these amino acids that arise from transition mutations and the complementary set that arise from transversion mutations D. Is the set of missense mutations caused by transitions more or less conservative in general chemical properties relative to Phe than those that could be reached by transversion mutations? E. Is a nonsense mutation of any of Phe's codons possible?
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