SCMT319 Midterm Philip Grawzis

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Philip Grawzis SCMT319 Midterm

The world we live in in part what we make of it and part actual reality with our own way of putting a spin on things. Depending on how you grew up in the world and what you were exposed to would definitely give some sort of perspective on the life you live. This would help create some separation between how you feel and how other people in the world may feel about certain things. Over the course of time, we tend to come up with our own perception on things, this could be the actual definition of something, or simply just our own opinion on what the upcoming years will look like for our country. To the point neither one of those things is completely wrong because we cannot exactly predict any issues or concerns that we as a nation will be faced with in the future, and along those lines our own opinion of a textbook definition is just that, our own opinion not facts. Sometimes we will create our own version of the definition simply so that we can gain a better understanding of the actual definition. We have all heard someone say history always repeats itself, so in order to truly understand what may happen in our future we need to stop and look back at the events of out past. This is the best way to have somewhat of an understanding of what could happen in the future. By conducting the smallest amount of research, we can see that history will show us that we have gone through different types of modern terrorism. Each type of modern terrorism only has so long of a shelf life before we see a new one arising. One major issue the Unites States has been dealing with when it comes to combating terrorism is maintaining the support of our allies which would undoubtedly help build a stronger alliance, but for all we know that’s what it would take to end terrorism. If we are to be successful in combating terrorism one day we must build and maintain an international cooperation geared towards ending terrorism. This goal probably seems very easy to most typical Americans, but at the end of the day it has been proving to be more difficult that planned due to many reasons that have risen. Some of the more easily explained ones are the fact each nation

typically has a difference in opinions, as well as a difference in how politics should be run. We have a unique set up when it comes to who our allies are, but if our nation is not careful or we could one day be on the opposite end of a political battle between nations. If we really aren’t careful then a future terrorist attack against our nation could end up being backed up by one of those nations, we no longer got a long with. If we are to have an understanding of the definition of international terrorism, we need to actually conduct thorough research into past moments to see where this term first started being used. It seems like nowadays anytime you turn on your television or read an article online there is a deadly attack, an assassination attempt, a new deadly virus, military personnel or bases being attacked. or the bombing of an important building. All of these events have been described as act of terrorism (Hoffman, 1954). We all see that the media has control over how we see these events. With their methods of seeing what benefits them they will display these attacks a certain way in order to gain certain attention. Thinking about the definition of international terrorism what type of situation would determine it to be international terrorism? Terrorism seems to be an element that lingers around us and can de seen as one of the most dangerous things in our time (Vavrenyuk, 2018). Any single person or group that makes the decision to fly to our country and cause pain and death or anyone just so their own personal opinion can be heard has some certain type of terrorism. We can probably agree that if a group or single person has a relationship with a foreign country whether its for money, a shared ideology or any type if backing then it is safe to say they are probably and international terrorist. As soon as that person or groups decides to turn their words into action and inflict violence on another nation then we can Definity consider them to be an international terrorist. Sometimes people could probably argue our nation can overdue how we use the term terrorism, but typical terrorists are described as being domestic, international, or

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homegrown. This should eliminate any thought that we as nation are in anyway confused about how we should correctly classify terrorism. With the world constantly evolving it is safe to say that we might at times have difficulty in having the ability to predict someone’s next moves. For anyone that watches sports football can serve as a good comparison to the struggles of prediction. When you look at a cornerback in a football game their sole purpose is to guard a wide receiver and stop them from catching the ball. They have to be able to predict where the receiver will go but one wrong step and the cornerback will fail to do their job. This can be said with terrorist prediction but obviously on a larger deadly scale. We first begin to see terror attacks out in Russia in the late 1880’s and within a decade we began to see them to move into western Europe, parts of Asia, and the Balkin’s (Rapoport, N.D.). The first known events of terrorism consisted of the assassinations of very important people of power. Although that type of terror would only last for pretty much one generation it would not be the end. Instead, it just meant that we were hitting a new wave of terrorism which would continue to push on through the next generation of people. The second wave of terror which we would see in the 1920s was one of the first international events and this seems to be the next classification of the wave into the future. The next wave of events would be conducted in territories that had political issues (Rapoport N.D.) The third wave of terrorism seemed to show up around the Vietnam era and was name the New Left wave. We would see the high jacking of planes so terrorists could gain hostages, and we began seeing women placed into positions of power as well as becoming fighters. Over several hundred high jackings would take place during this wave which would prove to be a very difficult task to accomplish. Taking a look back to see exactly what achievements were gained by the New left to include cultural, legal, social, and electoral transformations were actually very impressive (Gosse, 2005). At this point in time we can really

say that we have been in what can be considered the fourth wave of terror. If we take a look at the religious side of things and the issues going on across the globe we can easily see this describes just how terrorism has been working on our planet. For as far back as we can remember religion has been the face of so many wars. But if and when we might begin to see an end to this wave of terror, we still need to begin trying to predict what the next wave will be. By doing so we can try and better prepare ourselves for what may happen in the future. Are we beginning to see a fifth wave coming into play and if so what will it be? Throughout history we can see that each of the waves of terror have a lifespan of about 40 years which kind of goes to show that each generation fails to pass on their beliefs to the next generation of upcoming terrorist. This key piece of information could be what is needed in order to finally put an end to terrorism. This is never really a certain thing or even something that may ever happen, but it is still good to know that generations don’t pass on the same beliefs. Jeffery Simon expressed that the next wave may not be tied to any particular group but it instead, may be connected though technological connections which would allow for Lonewolf operators (Lyon & Huang, 2015). Since the internet has pretty much become the front runner of power in the world, we might actually see a problem as we see technology get better, and we still don’t truly understand the internet. The fifth wave group of people have managed to find ways to survive although they may at times go int hiding due to circumstances, but they always seem to emerge and become the driving force for inflicting violence inside of their own homeland. Throughout all this they do always manage to find some way to survive and push on (Kaplan, 2007). We can somewhat assume what the next wave will be based on but we must keep in mind that it is just a thought. This can be based on the next upcoming generation and the beliefs they

were brought up on. Before we know it they will be in charge of the world and their ideas are what is going to shape the future of this world. In order to build some sort of international agreement on counter-terrorism we need to look at the task at hand like we running a company. We might not all have to agree on the topics at hand but in order to be successful we need to have multiple nations on board. One idea would be creating some sort of agency that would have a seat for a political stand in from every nation involved. This type of agency would probably run very similar to the already existing NATO. A formal setting would most likely have some staff meetings which would include pieces from European staff members. They were recently known for implementing a counterterrorism division called the External Action Service (Bird, 2019). The main basis of this relationship would be the basis of bringing in personnel from each country that had military ties with intelligence. This would give a different viewpoint as well as giving different styles of military tactics from each nation. The personnel in charge would run every action and everything would need to be put to some sort of a vote. Having a system that requires voting and input will allow for everyone involved in to feel that their opinion matters, and it will show that everyone is doing their part to combat terrorism. As we know the United States seems to be the main concern when it comes to radical Islamic Jihadists and the more recent attacks, we have seen across Europe prove these attacks are on a global scale. The way we decide to approach this fight must reflect that fact (Targeted News Source, 2017). The best way you can be successful in the endeavor is to be able to have some sort of common ground with the nations involved. Some relationships will prove to be much harder than others, but the effort put in will be very valuable and benefit all. The best time to act on this is now with the pending fifth wave coming in and knowing how much we as a world must remove terrorism.

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References: Hoffman, B. (1954). Inside Terrorism. Retrieved form https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/apus/reader.action?docID=908254&ppg=1 Vavrenyuk, S. (2018). International terrorism and the basic ways to deal with it at the present stage. Retrieved from https://search- proquest- com.ezproxy1.apus.edu/docview/2095688982?rfr_id=info:xri/sid:primo Rapoport, D. (N.D.) The four waves of modern terrorism. Retrieved from https://international.ucla.edu/media/files/Rapoport-Four-Waves-of-Modern- Terrorism.pdf Gosse, V. (2005) Rethinking the new left an interpretative history. Retrieved form https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/apus/reader.action?docID=308106&ppg=12 Lyon, R & Huang, S. (2015, Jul 27) Fifth wave terrorism. Retrieved form https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/fifth-wave-terrorism-have-predictions-jumped-the-gun/ Kaplan, J. (2007, OCT 25). The fifth wave. Retrieved from https://www-tandfonlinecom. ezproxy1.apus.edu/doi/full/10.1080/09546550701606564 Bird, J. (2019, May 16). Working with partners to counter terrorism. Retrieved form https://www.nato.int/docu/review/articles/2019/05/16/working-with-partners-to- counterterrorism/index.html

SCMT319 Midterm Philip Grawzis

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