IDS400 4-2 Activity_ Critical Analysis_ Reimagine

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Apr 3, 2024

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Child Behaviors: Black Youth and Mental Health Challenges Tatiana Diaz IDS400-24EW3 Southern New Hampshire University Professor Tyra Busigo

SOCIAL SCIENCE 2 Black youth and mental health is a topic that is very difficult for people to discuss for various reasons due to religion, stigmas, and even biased assumptions. There are a multitude of factors that impact this topic, for instance, the weaponization of medicine creating the need for more racially informed healthcare due to higher overdiagnosis of the Black population. Biological factors, including genetic factors from genome-wide studies, emphasize the connections between common mental disorders and genes that regulate specific neuronal functions. Stigmas play a major role for individuals who take initiative towards healthcare options, and can ultimately impact Black communities, especially their youth due to their vulnerabilities. Representation in society is important for all individuals especially from diverse and racial backgrounds. The importance of representation helps youth communities give children a sense of belonging and inclusion, involving one’s place and belonging in society. What if there was a filipino, a child in a wheelchair, households with two moms, what if these characters of marginalized groups became the mainstream for children’s literature? Chacko (2022) poses a great question to society in terms of diversity and representation, what if we were represented in American society instead of one’s own respected background? When children are represented they are impacted which influences a child’s sense of self, their place and belonging in society (Chacko, 2022). Inclusion is important to every population in American society. Psychosis can be a symptom of many different mental and physical disorders, such as schizophrenia as well as bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder (MDD), so there is no specific duration, presentation, or cause. Instead, research indicates that a combination of factors can bring on a psychotic episode (Faber, Khanna Roy, Michaels & Williams, 2023). The observed prevalence of schizophrenia-spectrum illnesses in White individuals in the United States and Canada and racialized persons in these same countries differs significantly, with

SOCIAL SCIENCE 3 diagnoses of Black individuals occurring at higher rates than diagnoses for other groups. Lifelong punitive societal repercussions follow, such as diminished chances, inadequate care, more interactions with the legal system, and imprisonment. The significant racial disparity in the diagnosis of schizophrenia-spectrum disorder is not prevalent in other psychological diseases. New research shows that discrepancies are more likely to have societal causes than genetic origins (Faber et al., 2023). Stigmas can play a significant role in the actions we individuals take, especially when choosing to seek mental health. Although the stigma for mental health used to be a taboo subject, now a vast mistrust of medical facilities, inadequate care towards Black patients by clinicians, and the standard models inapplicable for different populations and demographics, causing further disengagement for mental health services (Hampton-Anderson, Novacek, Zhen-Duan, Latimer, Perry, & Renard, 2023). Problems are made worse by a lack of culturally aware physicians as well as unconscious prejudices and a lack of empathy that keep Black patients from getting the therapy they need from primarily White mental health experts. Law enforcement's perspective is taken into account as well since stigmas associated with psychotic symptoms may expose these people to the possibility of police violence and early death (Faber et al., 2023). Standard outpatient treatment models may not meet the unique sociocultural needs of Black youths, who are then less likely to engage and remain in outpatient mental health services. It is imperative to discuss how public health professionals can satisfy these standards of practice using a socioecological framework considering societal, community, and individual-level factors. The term socioecological calls for the systemic inclusion of cultural factors within this definition in defining the influences outside of the individual that affect mental health and the potential for therapeutic engagement (Hampton-Anderson et al., 2023).

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SOCIAL SCIENCE 4 Stigmas play a huge factor when it comes to taking that first step whether that be mental health or overall health, it can be daunting for some individuals. The stigma that surrounds mental health issues in the public and among Black youths themselves is pervasive and presents significant obstacles to getting them and their families into treatment. Therefore, numerous factors contribute to inequities that public health professionals in outpatient treatment settings must deal with. In order to build a solid therapeutic alliance with young people who are seeking outpatient therapy for mental health issues, it is essential to comprehend each of these factors. Through discriminatory attitudes and actions taken in care settings, provider stigma can also discourage Black children from seeking mental health treatment. In their view of mental health, providers who are not prepared to interact with Black youth may over-pathologize normative behaviors and neglect to include traumatic stresses like racism. Researchers conducted an ethnographic content analysis of clients’ and family members’ thoughts about provider stigma. They found that clients experienced stigma from providers owing to factors such as blame and shame, disinterest, annoyance, degradation and dehumanization, coercion, and lack of “real” choice. The author noted that sensitizing providers to these perceptions might reduce the likelihood of such behaviors. Another important consideration for working with Black youths in outpatient settings is training and advocacy around providing adequate, non-stigmatizing crisis response interventions. Several clinical issues may affect youths and their families and lead to mental health crises, including housing insecurity, financial difficulties, incarceration, and symptomatology related to severe medical illness. Furthermore, with client stigma, public health interventions that could help to reduce provider stigma have emphasized the need to involve clients, in this case, Black youths and

SOCIAL SCIENCE 5 families, in providing input on the development of treatment policies and procedures addressing provider and systemic stigma simultaneously and continuously (Hampton-Anderson et al., 2023).

SOCIAL SCIENCE 6 References Chacko, S. (2022, January 14). IDS-400 Representation Matters Diversity in Children's Literature Shyno Chacko (CC) . YouTube. Retrieved February 2, 2024, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X06yZ0_mau0 Faber, S. C., Khanna Roy, A., Michaels, T. I., & Williams, M. T. (2023). The weaponization of medicine: Early psychosis in the Black community and the need for racially informed mental healthcare. Frontiers in psychiatry , 14 , 1098292. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1098292 Hampton-Anderson, J. N., Novacek, D. M., Zhen-Duan, J., Latimer, S., Perry, T., & Renard, D. (2023). Redefining the Role of Public Health Professionals Serving Black Youths Seeking Mental Health Care: Implications for Training and Mentoring. American journal of public health , 113 (S2), S140–S148. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307194

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