t8 dq1!!!

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School

Grand Canyon University *

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520

Subject

Sociology

Date

Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by AdmiralElectron13191

Levinthal (2023) notes that substance use can be a coping mechanism to reduce negative feelings associated with symptoms of mental illness, suggesting that mental illness comes first. However, for an individual to be diagnosed with a substance use disorder, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) requires that the consequences of substance use cause significant impairment or distress (American Psychiatric Association, 2022), which suggests addiction could come first. The challenge of determining which disorder came first is a grueling process subject to individual variability. Some individuals with both mental illness and addiction can confidently determine which disorder came first. However, for most individuals with a dual diagnosis, the relationship between the disorders is intertwined and has bidirectional causality. Individuals who use addictive substances are commonly predisposed to developing substance use and mental health disorders, making it difficult to determine which disorder came first. Given the strong correlation between the two disorders, it is easy to wonder if one disorder would have presented without the manifestation of the other in those with a dual diagnosis. References: American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Substance-related and addictive disorders. In Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., text rev.). Levinthal, C. (2023). Drugs, behavior, and modern society (9th ed.). Pearson Education, Inc

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