public policy chart

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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560

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Sociology

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Apr 3, 2024

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Public Policy Chart PUBLIC POLICY ISSUE HOW ISSUES HAS BEEN HISTORICALLY ADDRESSED KEY TRENDS WHY A CHANGE IS CALLED FOR POTENTIAL NEGATIVE COLLATERAL CONSEQUENCES Hate crimes are unique, as they are motivated by bias or prejudice against a group or class of people. Hate crimes can be violent or non- violent and have psychological and physical impacts on victims. They have ripple effects on entire communities, as they can cause fear and division. Due to their complex nature, hate crimes are often difficult to investigate and prosecute . Some cities established hate crime teams inside their local law enforcement agencies in the 1980s and 1990s to investigate hate crimes and collaborate with prosecutors to guarantee that criminals were held accountable. Cities began to take a stronger stance against crime in the 2000s, with community policing and education programs. Several have taken steps to address the root causes of hate crimes. Developing programs to assist vulnerable populations and improve the communities' economic conditions. There is a growing recognition of law enforcement, education, and community support. Understanding the link between hate crimes and other forms of violence, such as domestic and gang violence. Stronger emphasis on accountability The public's perception of hate crimes has changed due to media attention and public outrage at high-profile cases such as the Charleston church shooting and the Pulse nightclub shooting. As well as increased focus by civil rights groups . Hate crimes are motivated by bias or prejudice against a group or class of people. Hate crimes can be violent or non- violent, and they can have serious psychological and physical impacts on victims, having ripple effects on entire communities, and causing fear and division.

References CJ 520 Examples of Departmental Policies . (n.d.). Retrieved October 2, 2023, from http://snhu-media.snhu.edu/files/course_repository/graduate/cj/cj520/cj520_examples_of_departmental_policies.pdf CJ 520 List of Public Policy Issues . (n.d.). Retrieved October 2, 2023, from http://snhu-media.snhu.edu/files/course_repository/graduate/cj/cj520/cj520_list_of_public_policy_issues.pdf CJ 520 Sample Policy Memorandum . (n.d.). http://snhu-media.snhu.edu/files/course_repository/graduate/cj/cj520/ cj520_sample_policy_memorandum.pdf Criminology. (2018, December 14). Understanding Criminology Theories - Criminology . Criminology. https://www.criminology.com/understanding-criminology-theories/ Gau, J. M. (2019). Criminal justice policy : origins and effectiveness . Oxford University Press. Johnson, E. (2022, December 9). What is Hate Crime? CPD Online College. https://cpdonline.co.uk/knowledge-base/safeguarding/what-is-hate-crime/ Marion, N. (n.d.). The Politics of Criminal Justice . https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526420008 Office of Public Affairs | Attorney General Merrick B. Garland Delivers Remarks on Justice Department Efforts to Combat Unlawful Acts of Hate | United States Department of Justice . (2022, September 15). Www.justice.gov. https://www.justice.gov/opa/speech/attorney-general-merrick-b-garland-delivers-remarks-justice-department-efforts- combat#:~:text=In%20one%20of%20my%20very%20first%20acts%20as

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R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul | Case Brief for Law Students . (n.d.). https://www.casebriefs.com/blog/law/constitutional-law/constitutional- law-keyed-to-stone/freedom-of-expression/r-a-v-v-city-of-st-paul/ The United States Department of Justice. (2018a). Learn About Hate Crimes . Justice.gov. https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/learn- about-hate-crimes The United States Department of Justice. (2018b, October 15). Hate Crime Laws . Justice.gov. https://www.justice.gov/crt/hate-crime- laws Williams, F. P., & McShane, M. D. (2017). Criminological Theory . Pearson.

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