Alexander Niebuhr Questions 9

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Alexander Niebuhr Chicana Feminist Thought What was the major critique posed by Chicana feminists about the Chicano movement of the 1960’s and 1970’s? “The Chicano cultural nationalist movement that struggled against social injustice yet maintained patriarchal structures of domination.” p. 1 What was the Chicano movement’s major focus and goals? “A paradoxical agenda of civil rights and equal opportunity demands, on the one hand, and a more separatist ethnic nationalist rebellion, on the other.” p. 2 Identify at least five struggles from which the Chicano movement evolved. The New Mexico land grant movement, United Farm Workers Union, Colorado Crusade for Justice,Raza Unida Party,El Movimiento. p. 2 What does Chicanismo refer to and what was its impact on young Mexican Americans? “Advocated an ideology and spirit of active resistance within Mexican-American communities throughout the United States. Chicanismo emphasized cultural pride as a source of political unity and strength capable of mobilizing Chicanos and Chicanas into an oppositional political group within the dominant political landscape in the United States.” p. 3 Complete the sentence from the reading: “Like other feminist women of color, Chicanas recognized that their feminist movement involved a confrontation with both ____________and__________.” sexism and racism p. 4 What are the two central ideological components of Chicana feminist thought? “Chicana feminists viewed the struggle against sexism within the Chicano movement and the struggle against racism in the larger society as central ideological components of their feminist thought.” p. 5 In what ways did Chicana Feminists come under attack by fellow Chicanxs? “Chicana feminist lesbians contributed to the further development of Chicana feminist discourse and, as such, precipitated more virulent feminist-baiting. As a result of the oppressive climate, Chicana feminist lesbians voices were generally silenced.” p. 6

How did Chicana feminist lesbians bring an additional voice from the margins to the Chicana feminist movement? “Their writings revealed the societal contradictions experienced by Chicana feminists whose sexual orientation and lifestyle was not only misunderstood by many within the Chicano movement but vehemently criticized by many Chicanos and Chicanas, revealing basic homophobic sentiments.” p. 7 Why did Chicana feminists engage in contentious debates with white feminists? Different needs, concerns, demands Introduction to Blowout! Complete the sentence: ( I am looking for specific answers found in the text). In 1968 thousands of Chicano students walked out from East Los Angeles schools, in order to…. “to protest a history of discrimination and poor schooling, could not have happened without Sal Castro.” p. 1 List 3 of the “many other problems…affecting Mexican students in the schools:” “high drop-out rates, low reading scores, insensitive teachers and counselors” p. 3 The political climate of the 1960s that facilitated the rise of a more questioning and critical Chicano generation, involved which movements? “Civil rights, Black Power, the anti–Vietnam War movement, and a general counterculture in the country” p. 4 What was the main role of the so-called “Mexican schools” as noted by historian Gilbert Gonzalez? And what do they remind you of from something we’ve studied in class? “Limiting education for Mexican American children in order to ensure a continued pool of cheap labor.” p. 11 Reminds me of the boarding schools teaching the Native children to do construction work and jobs that involve your hands.

Video: Chicano! Quest for a Homeland The Tierra Amarilla struggle in Northern New Mexico, led by Reies Lopez Tijerina, was a movement for: (choose one) Land (5:34) According to Betita Martinez, “what emerged” out of the whole Tierra Amarilla movement led by Reies Lopes Tijera? Tirjerina faces federal charges for his role in the occupation of Carson national forest. (8:43) How did the struggle for land in New Mexico impact urban Chicanxs? Inspired chicanos who believe the United States conquest of the southwest had turned them to second class citizens. (14:56) What is the name of the organization that Corky Gonzalez founded in Denver in the late 1960’s? Crusade of Justice (22:27) How did the work of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Reies Lopez TIjerina and Corky Gonzalez intersect? Joined together to be part of the coalition (24:21) Chicanx participation in the Poor Peoples’ Campaign gave Mexican Americans: (Choose one) National Visibility (29:30) Complete the sentence: In relation to the war on Vietnam, “Mexican American casualties were disproportionate to their numbers. In the SW Mexican Americans….” “made up 12% of the population but accounted for almost 20 percent of the region’s deaths in vietnam according to many sources.” (41:25)

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