TRAUMA-TOP3-DQ2-DDALTON-DONE

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Q: Can men be victims of domestic violence? Why or why not? Compare and contrast the prevalence of men versus women experiencing domestic violence. A: Domestic violence involves a recurring or repeating pattern of controlling and abusive behaviors perpetrated by an individual within a domestic unit, so yes, indeed, men can be victims of domestic violence. Domestic violence is not gender-specific and can affect anyone – men, women, old, young, black, brown, yellow, or red. Domestic violence has predominantly been considered a global issue affecting women and girls; there is a common erroneous belief that only women can be victims of domestic violence which stems from societal norms and stereotypes that depict men as physically stronger and thus less likely to be victimized, particularly in a domestic setting. Studies also indicate that the overall risk of such abuse may be increasing for victimized men while declining for victimized women (Kim et al., 2023). Studies examining the help-seeking behaviors among domestic violence victims of both genders demonstrate that men are less inclined to seek assistance from both formal and informal resources (Kim et al., 2023). A substantial number of men experience this type of abuse, although women are more often the victim in a domestic violence situation. According to the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence (NCADV), 1 out of 9 men in the United States experience severe intimate partner stalking, intimate partner-contact sexual violence, and/or intimate partner physical violence. On the other hand, the NCADV reports that 1 of 4 women in the United States suffer these forms of violence, demonstrating that while the prevalence is higher among women, a substantial number of men are also affected. The main difference between men and women experiencing domestic violence lies in societal perception and response; women victims are more likely to be recognized and supported, while male victims typically face disbelief and ridicule due to societal stereotypes, making it extremely difficult for men to seek help and accept the support they need. However, the impact of domestic violence is similar for both genders. Both male and female victims can suffer physical injuries, psychological trauma, and long- term health problems after experiencing domestic violence. Multiple studies have identified long-term psychological consequences stemming from domestic violence (Kim et al., 2023), including depressive and anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, maladaptive coping behaviors (such as alcohol and substance abuse), and suicidal ideation. Addressing the gender-specific challenges faced by victimized men and breaking the cycle of abuse requires a multi-layered approach. To begin addressing these challenges, healthcare and social support policymakers should focus on enhancing the “supply side” of professional services. By increasing the visibility of these services, victimized men would become more aware they are available and find it easier to ask for help. At the same time, we must pay attention to increasing the “demand side” of professional services. Healthcare and social support professionals can contribute by raising public awareness through gender-inclusive educational awareness campaigns on domestic violence. By tearing down societal stereotypes that downplay the experiences of victimized men, it can assist with encouraging them to seek assistance more readily. Developing men-specific risk assessment tools for domestic violence would also improve the recognition of victimized men and bring about possible early intervention. Healthcare, social, and legal-justice professionals are responsible for engendering a therapeutic and safe environment where victimized men’s needs are met with a neutral and educated approach. Additionally, men-only domestic violence support groups – possibly run by ex-victims – can

also provide safe spaces where men who are victims can be open about their experiences without judgment, which is crucial to improving survivor safety and social and emotional well-being. Blessings, Danielle References Hines, D. A., & Douglas, E. M. (2010). Intimate terrorism by women towards men: Does it exist? Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, 2 (3), 36-56. https://doi.org/10.5042/jacpr.2010.0335 Kim, E., Nelson, L.E., Pereira, T., & Shorey, S. (2023). Barriers to and facilitators of help-seeking among men who are victims of domestic violence: A Mixed-Studies Systematic Review. Trauma, Violence, and Abuse, 00 (0), 1-15. https://journals-sagepub-com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/doi/pdf/10.1177/15248380231209435 National Coalition Against Domestic Violence. (2015). Domestic violence national statistics . Retrieved from https://ncadv.org/STATISTICS

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