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The Need for More Social Workers and Ways They Can Help Prevent School Shootings Phyllis and Harvey Sandler School of Social Work, Florida Atlantic University SOW 3302: The Profession of Social Work Professor Cindy Sterne April 12, 2022

Johnson, & Barsky, A. E. (2020). Preventing Gun Violence in Schools: Roles and Perspectives of Social Workers. School Social Work Journal , 44 (2), 26–48. This article covers a wide variety of methods that can be use in schools to help prevent school shootings. In the United States, there were ninety-seven documented shootings in schools, resulting in fifty-six deaths (Riedman & O’Neill, 2019). Gun violence has been recognize as a critical issue school faces across America. Even with prior policies that are in place gun violence has continue to rise. In the United States, there has been 1,316 school shootings since 1970 with a rise of 17% since the Sandy Hooks Elementary school shooting tragedy in December 2012 (Zimmerman et al., 2019). The researchers highlight various policies the school boards implemented to help stop school violence but despite these initiatives, incidents of gun violence have continued with alarming regularity and devastating consequences (Delaney, 2017). In addition, the researchers highlight a study by the local school board suggesting to hire 437 school counselors, 312 psychologists, 816 family therapists, 830 social workers, and 170 nurses (Travis, 2018). This study the local school board did in the aftermath of the Stoneman Douglas high school mass shooting express the need for more school social workers. School social workers plays a key part in enhancing behavioral and mental health services in schools by promoting a safe school environment. To show the roles of how a school social worker can help prevent gun violence, the researchers used a qualitative grounded research design. School social workers are educated, train to screen, and assess for risks such as substance abuse, social stress, suicidal and homicidal stressors, mental health, and family dysfunctions. The researchers highlight various skills a school social worker has that can be useful in helping to reduce the risks of gun violence in schools. Some of the roles that were mentioned are being present, checking in with students and offering support where needed. For example, school social workers should make a conscious

effort to build relationships with students and keep the line of communication open among teachers, parents, and support staff to provide at-risk students support promptly. The researchers noted that to date there are limited amount of research that forces on the specific roles of school social workers and how they can address or respond to the factors that may lead to gun violence in schools. In addition, there are limited amount of evidence that explore what types of strategies are most effective in reducing the risks of gun violence in schools. A notable weakness of this study is the participants were professional friends of the researchers who they met through working with the public school system or teaching at the Sandler School of Social Work at Florida Atlantic University. Because the research participants were close to the researchers, I believe this why the researchers reached a saturation point after the eleventh interview. For example, the research result might have been identify as the same because the participants might have favor the interviewer perspective base on their friendship.

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