CJ 315 Project One Jasmine Ziegler

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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315

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Sociology

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Feb 20, 2024

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pptx

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Victimology By Jasmine Ziegler, Office of Victim/Witness Assistance Director

Introduction Victim advocates provide an important role in the justice system, especially when dealing with kids and victims of domestic violence. When working with a juvenile or a victim of domestic abuse, challenges may arise; this will teach you about the interactions that may occur in the criminal justice system, as well as how criminal justice professionals communicate with youngsters. In the first case, there has been sexual assault against a minor. I'll be portraying a guidance counselor at a medium-sized suburban New Hampshire primary school. In the second scenario, a young adult female is the victim of domestic violence. In New Hampshire, I will work as a patrol officer in a medium-sized, diverse neighborhood.

Child Victim

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Interactions between a Child Victim and Criminal Justice Professionals ● Children's best interests: This concept states that the kid's well-being and development should be the first focus in all choices and activities affecting the child. The right for children to be treated with dignity and compassion: This right indicates that the child should be treated with respect and care and should not be subjected to any kind of violence, abuse, or intimidation. ● The right to be protected from discrimination: This right indicates that the child should not be treated unjustly or separately because of their age, gender, color, ethnicity, religion, handicap, or any other situation. ● The right to be informed entails providing the child with clear and correct information about the judicial process, their involvement, their rights, and the available aid and support. The ability to be heard and to voice ideas and concerns: This right requires the child to be able to participate in the judicial process, share their thoughts and emotions, and have their views and concerns taken into consideration. ● Having access to effective aid requires the child to get appropriate and timely support from skilled and trained specialists such as child advocates, attorneys, social workers, psychologists, and translators. A child's right to privacy requires that the kid's personal information and identity be safeguarded and kept secret, and that the child not be subjected to unwarranted exposure or media attention. ● The obligation to be safeguarded from hardship throughout the judicial process: This right ensures that the child is not subjected to needless stress, discomfort, or harm during the justice process, and that the child's protection and security are guaranteed.

Experience of a Child Victim ● Providing an inviting and supportive atmosphere in which children may communicate their emotions and needs without being judged or blamed. ● Listen to them with empathy and respect and validate their experiences and feelings. ● Informing and educating people on their rights, the legal system, and the resources accessible to them. ● Directing them to seek professional help for things like advocacy, medical attention, therapy, or legal aid. ● Inspiring them to participate in constructive pursuits like sports, arts, hobbies, or social clubs that may improve their resilience and general well-being.

Domestic Violence Victim

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Interactions between a Domestic Violence Victim and Criminal Justice Professionals ● Reporting the incident: A victim may report domestic abuse to the authorities by dialing 911, going to a police station, or contacting a victim advocate. The police will record the occurrence, gather evidence, question both the victim and the offender, and decide whether to make an arrest. The victim may also seek a civil protection order, which is a court order that forbids the offender from contacting or hurting her. ● Seeking medical attention: A victim may need medical assistance due to injuries, trauma, or sexual assault. The victim may seek help at a hospital, clinic, or a sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE) program. The medical professionals will treat the victim's injuries, provide counseling, and gather forensic evidence. The victim may also be given information and recommendations to other agencies, such as shelters, legal help, or therapy. ● Participating in the prosecution: A victim may be requested to collaborate with the prosecutor's office, which is in charge of charging and prosecuting the offender. The prosecutor will examine the evidence, speak with the victim and witnesses, and determine whether to bring charges. The victim may also be required to testify in court, whether at a preliminary hearing, trial, or sentence. The prosecutor and victim advocate will work with the victim throughout the process, clarifying legal processes, preparing the victim for court, and assuring the victim's safety and rights. ● Receiving assistance and services: A victim may need continuing support and services to deal with the effects of domestic violence and reconstruct their lives. A multitude of services are available to the victim, including financial aid, education, work, immigration, therapy, and support groups. The victim may also seek assistance from a domestic abuse hotline, a local domestic violence program, or a national group.

Experience of a Domestic Violence Victim ● Improper protection and safety measures. Victims may not be adequately protected from their abusers, particularly if they share custody of children, reside in the same region, or have frequent contact. Abusers may use legal loopholes to perpetuate their abuse, such as submitting false complaints, breaking restraining orders, or stalking their victims. Some victims may also be concerned about reprisal from their abusers or family members if they disclose the abuse or assist with the prosecution. ● Insufficient assistance and resources. Victims may not have access to enough legal, physical, psychological, or financial support to deal with the impacts of abuse and traverse the justice system. They may have difficulty obtaining safe and reasonably priced housing, transportation, daycare, or job. They may also face stigma, prejudice, or isolation from their community, particularly if they belong to marginalized groups such as racial minorities, immigrants, LGBTQ+ persons, or those with disabilities. ● Justice and accountability are lacking. Victims may not be treated fairly and respectfully by criminal justice officials such as law police, prosecutors, judges, or court workers. They may encounter obstacles to reporting abuse, such as a shortage of confidence, language challenges, or fear of deportation. They may also have difficulties in acquiring evidence, such as medical records, witness testimony, or pictures. They may not have a say or a choice in the legal process, such as whether to file charges, testify, or accept a plea deal. Many domestic violence cases are dismissed, withdrawn, or downgraded to lower charges, so victims may not see their abusers held responsible.

Comparing and Contrasting Situations

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Similarities and Differences in Criminal Justice Professionals’ Roles ● Child and domestic abuse victims may need the services of a victim advocate, who may give support, information, and referrals throughout the legal process. Both child victims and domestic violence victims may benefit from a coordinated community response that includes coordination among many agencies and service providers, such as police, prosecutors, courts, child protection, health care, and mental health. ● During the course of the investigation and prosecution of their cases, victims of domestic abuse as well as children may need extra precautions to ensure their safety, privacy, and well-being. Some of these precautions include limited disclosure, attendance restrictions, prohibitions on using screens or closed-circuit television, and the presence of a support person. In terms of their emotional maturity, cognitive functioning, developmental stage, and connection with the perpetrator, child victims of domestic abuse may have different requirements and difficulties than adult victims. Therefore, criminal justice professionals should adopt a child-friendly and trauma-informed approach when interacting with child victims, such as using age-appropriate language, explaining the procedures and roles, listening to their views and concerns, and reducing the number of interviews and court appearances. ● Regarding their independence, economic reliance, fear of retaliation and sense of autonomy, victims of domestic abuse may encounter distinct obstacles and hazards compared to those faced by children. When interacting with domestic violence victims, criminal justice professionals should take a victim-centered and empowerment-based approach. This includes respecting their choices, providing them with options and resources, ensuring their safety and security, and holding offenders accountable.

Similarities and Differences in Victims’ Experiences ● If the offender is a parent, caregiver, or sibling, the victimized child may be more susceptible to harm and more reliant on them. A juvenile victim may have less ability and agency to fight, flee, or disclose abuse. A juvenile victim may also have limited access to legal, medical, or social resources that may assist them. ● A victim of domestic abuse might be an intimate partner of the abuser, who could dominate and exploit the victim by means of physical, sexual, emotional, or financial abuse. Fear, shame, guilt, love, or hope may impede a domestic violence victim from leaving the violent relationship. If a domestic violence victim attempts to seek assistance, they may encounter threats of revenge, isolation, or injury to themselves, their children, or their pets. ● Similar negative consequences of the violence, such as physical harm, mental health issues, drug misuse, low self-esteem, subpar performance in school or at work, and trouble establishing healthy relationships, may be experienced by both child and domestic abuse victims. However, the victim's resilience, coping mechanisms, and developmental stage may all have an influence on how the violence affects her. A young victim may be more likely to experience long-term repercussions of the violence, such as delayed brain development, attachment issues, behavioral problems, and an increased chance of being engaged in violence later in life.

Conclusion Not only are child and domestic abuse tragedies personal, but they also pose serious public health and human rights challenges that need immediate response. We can all help to break the cycle of violence and make the world a safer and more peaceful place by raising awareness, giving knowledge, and offering aid.

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References ● Child and Youth Victimization | Office for Victims of Crime . (2020, June 15). Office for Victims of Crime. Retrieved February 18, 2024, from https://ovc.ojp.gov/topics/child-and-youth-victimization ● Clarke, M., Lotz, L. M., & Alzuru, C. (n.d.). Best Practices in the Criminal Justice Response to Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault: Guidance for CCR/SART Response Protocols . NC Coalition Against Sexual Assault. Retrieved February 18, 2024, from https://nccasa.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/ERS-Protocol- Toolkit.pdf ● Gillis, K. (2021, December 5). Our Legal System Fails Domestic Violence Survivors . Psychology Today. Retrieved February 18, 2024, from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/invisible-bruises/202112/our- legal-system-fails-domestic-violence-survivors ● Kendall, K., & Giacomoni, S. (2005, December). How the Justice System Responds to Juvenile Victims: A Comprehensive Model . Office of Justice Programs. Retrieved February 18, 2024, from https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/210951.pdf

CJ 315 Project One Jasmine Ziegler

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