Week 8 Assignment_ Childhood Trauma and Brain Development

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Central State University *

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5003

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Sociology

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Feb 20, 2024

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1 NaMya Wright Capella University Human behavior social environment 1 Professor Keya Coleman December 3rd , 2023

2 In the book Perry stated that “ Not all humans are humane. A human being has to learn how to become humane.” Human is a word that means “ person”. A human could be a man, woman, child, baby or someone that is Gender nonconforming”. Humane means being compassionate and showing kindness to others. History. History | Wisconsin Humane Society. (n.d.)“ The Wisconsin Humane Society was founded in 1879 in Milwaukee, but its history dates back to 1866 in New York City to a man named Henry Bergh. The Wisconsin Humane Society was founded in 1879 in Milwaukee, but its history dates back to 1866 in New York City to a man named Henry Bergh. He attempted to correct the mistreatment of wagon horses — earning him the title “The Great Meddler” — and soon realized the task was too big for him alone. On April 10, 1866, he gathered a group of like-minded individuals in New York City and founded the American Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), the first humane organization in the U.S.” The author's main idea is that life stresses could affect the development of the brain.Smith, K. E., & Pollak, S. D. (2020, December 16) “ Research in both non-human animals and humans suggests that early life stress is linked to pronounced effects on the development of prefrontal–hippocampal–amygdala circuits. These circuits play an important role in facilitating peripheral stress responses through the release of corticotrophin reducing hormone (CRH) and glucocorticoids and regulation of the autonomic nervous system . Additionally, these circuits are implicated in emotion processing, self-regulation, and memory and learning .” The author did repeatedly come back to the same point. (Perry & Szalavitz, 2017, p. 139) “ Development is complex; genetics is complex; the impact of trauma on the individual is complex; the developmental consequences of trauma and neglect are complex; the power of relationships to help protect and heal is complex.”

3 Although it took some time for the children to open up. Perry built that rapport with the children. Coloring relaxes many people. His technique was slowly asking questions within each session with the children. He also did not speak or ask questions until the child brung it up. After reading the book I do believe many of the children have an opportunity to live a normal life. Reading about the interactions with Peter he had the help of Amy and Jason. (Perry & Szalavitz, 2017, p. 90 ) “ While the neurosequential approach helped us provide the specific stimuli his brain had lacked—massage offering the physical affection that he’d missed, and music and movement to help restore his brain and bodily rhythms—none of that would have been enough without Amy and Jason’s love and sensitivity nor without the patience and support of his classmates. The more healthy relationships a child has, the more likely he will be to recover from trauma and thrive. Relationships are the agents of change and the most powerful therapy is human love.” With the right treatment and positive environment it is possible for someone to have a normal life. Failure to thrive was described as an infant who was abused and neglected. If it was not corrected immediately it could've been deadly. “ Infants diagnosed with “failure to thrive,” are often found to have reduced levels of growth hormone.” The key points were for the child to get enough individualized nurturing and attention. Lasting conditions for the condition is (Perry & Szalavitz, 2017, chapter 4 ) “ often have severe behavioral problems, hoard food, and may be overly affectionate with strangers while having difficulty maintaining relationships with those who should be closest to them.” A good environment is a safe, calm, and nurturing environment for a child. A good environment is based on a variety of reasons. When it's someone culturally , they can live

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4 differently. When basing a good environment it is more complicated because that's how they were raised and what they practice daily. After reading on Tina's case and her sessions with Dr.Perry I do not believe Tina is a loss cause. (Perry & Szalavitz, 2017, pp. 127) “ Dr. Perry’s approach to therapy with Tina has several important lessons for those who work with children. Most importantly, it takes many repetitions of positive experiences—often many, many more than you would expect—in order for traumatized children to trust again and change. When neural networks are not exposed to the appropriate stimulation at the right time, helping them develop properly requires many more repetitions than would have been needed initially. This can be frustrating, but patience is essential. These children can learn and change—but it takes time. Tina would not have many sessions that would require more than a normal session with a child would need. Tina and the psychiatrist would both need to practice patience in order for Tina to overcome her difficulties. In the book the author touched on how Leon and his brother Frank were raised differently. Perry stated that if Leon was raised like Frank he would've had a normal life. Being that Leon was neglected in certain areas of his life, I would say his parents are to blame. The Boy Who Was Raised as a Dog" chapter 6 is about two children who endured trauma and neglect at a young age. It went into detail on how their experiences affected them in their daily lives. Dr. Perry touched on Justin’s story where he was raised like a dog. He was put in a cage for hours. Conner was raised in a two parent household but was neglected as an infant. He isolated himself socially from his family and peers. Dr. Perry learned (Perry & Szalavitz, 2017, pp. 56 “ that patterned, repetitive experience in a safe environment can have an enormous impact on the brain”

5 Nature is more important being that it is biology. Not everyone gravitates to their environments. You cannot escape genetics. Irt is reported that certain genetic variations are linked to specific behaviors and traits. I.e Mental health conditions. Socioeconomic class and race are important elements in the work that Dr. Perry does. It makes a big difference on the recovery of the child being that the environment may be more difficult than others. Dr. Perry handles it well, being that he understands the situation and becomes patient with the child. (Perry & Szalavitz, 2017, p. 81 ) “ Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD), a diagnosis frequently given to children who have suffered severe early neglect and/or trauma. RAD can occur when infants don’t receive enough rocking, cuddling and other nurturing physical and emotional attention.” The symptoms present as stunted growth, avoidance of psychical growth, emotional detachment and much more. Dr. Perry stated one of the most important things he’s learned within his work is to take time, pay attention and listen. One of the best ways to help someone else become calm and centered is to calm and center ourselves first—and then just pay attention. "The world we live in now is biologically disrespectful" He mentioned that the world is taking us from healthy activities. I believe he means the world is filling our head with negativity towards human contact. That the world is denying us basic needs for mental health.I do agree, I do not believe us as humane need to or can go without human contact. Social media is taking independence to a level we as humans cannot reach.

6 1. Smith, K. E., & Pollak, S. D. (2020, December 16). Early life stress and development: Potential mechanisms for adverse outcomes - Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders. BioMed Central. https://jneurodevdisorders.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s11689- 020-09337-y#:~:text=Alterations%20in%20prefrontal %E2%80%93hippocampal%E2%80%93amygdala,prefrontal %E2%80%93hippocampal%E2%80%93amygdala%20circuits. 2. Perry, B. D., & Szalavitz, M. (2017). The Boy Who Was Raised as a Dog (3rd ed.). Hachette. 3. History. History | Wisconsin Humane Society. (n.d.). https://www.wihumane.org/about-us/history#:~:text=The%20Wisconsin %20Humane%20Society%20was,London%20and%20New%20York%20City. 4.

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