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1 Introduction Social Justice Reading Response 4 Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation Course Name and Number Instructor’s Name Assignment Due Date

2 Introduction Social Justice Reading Response 4 Part 1 Kimberlé Crenshaw is an American legal scholar and civil rights advocate who coined the term “intersectionality”. She devised the concept of intersectionality in 1989 to address the experiences and marginalization of African American women facing multiple forms of oppression. Crenshaw argued that the identity of Black women in the United States was particularly excluded from feminist thought due to its focus on the experience of white women (TED, 2016). She argued that when white women’s rights are discussed, they are commonly framed in terms of gender alone, while black women are often subjugated and ignored due to their combined oppressions along racial and gender lines. Intersectionality draws attention to the intersecting power structures of race, gender, class, and other social categories that play a pivotal role in how different groups of people experience and express oppression, discrimination, and inequality ( Taylor, 2016) . Crenshaw’s work has been greatly influential in the #SayHerName campaign, which was created to ensure that Black women and girls' experiences with racial profiling, police violence, and other systemic oppressions are not overlooked. This feminist campaign utilizes an intersectional framework to address how Black women experience unique forms of hostility and sexism, while also highlighting the violent experiences of Black queer and trans individuals, and Black girls (African American Policy Forum, 2018). The #SayHerName campaign is one of the few public platforms calling attention to the ongoing discrimination and violence faced by Black women in the U.S. By communicating universally the various facets of oppression experienced by these individuals, the movement has highlighted how intersectionality must guide our understandings of the experiences of Black women, Black queer and trans individuals, and Black

3 girls. Through intersectional movements such as #SayHerName, we are making progress in dismantling the longstanding oppressive systems that disproportionately and systemically target these individuals (African American Policy Forum, 2018). However, there is still much work to be done in terms of equity and justice for them. Part 2 Assia and Oliver’s stories provide a powerful insight into the injustices and human costs of immigration detention facilities. These stories demonstrate the power of human resilience in the face of overwhelming circumstances and speak to how immigration detention centres criminalize and dehumanize those who have faced persecution or insecurity in their home countries (Dunbar, 2021). Assia and Oliver’s experiences illustrate both the immediate and lasting impacts of immigration detention on individuals, communities, and families and underscore the need to address the structural issues that drive the utilization of these facilities in the first place. The movement to shut down immigration detention centres represents a part of a larger effort to end prisons, policing, and electronic forms of surveillance. Immigration detention centres are often used to detain people who are not charged with any crime and have not been convicted of any crime but are judged to be “undesirable” (Dunbar, 2021). Shutting down these centres can reduce the use of this form of mass incarceration and minimize the criminalization of vulnerable communities such as undocumented immigrants and refugees (TED, 2016). Moreover, ending the practice of indefinite detention can minimize the negative psychological and physical impacts experienced by detainees due to their prolonged confinement in these facilities.

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4 Additionally, shutting down immigration detention centres can help unify efforts to end the use of prisons, policing, and electronic forms of surveillance more broadly. This is because the use of surveillance and control technologies, along with the deployment of state and federal police, are often used to enforce and maintain these detention centres (Dunbar, 2021). Ending the utilization of immigration detention centres can thus help reduce the demand for surveillance and control technologies, as well as state and federal police involvement in the policing of non- violent populations (TED, 2016). This will allow for greater investments in social services and other forms of community-based approaches to public safety that go beyond the use of force and punishment.

5 References African American Policy Forum. (2018, June 15). Ain’t I a woman? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=unfLlMDgc48 Dunbar, O., J. (2021, March 21). We all just want to go home to our families . Immprint. https://imm-print.com/we-all-just-want-to-go-home-to-our-families/ Taylor, K. Y. (2016). From# BlackLivesMatter to black liberation . Haymarket Books. TED. (2016, 7 December). The urgency of intersectionality [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=akOe5-UsQ2o

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