PSY201_Unit3_DB_COurtneyMcConathey

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201.33

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Psychology

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Dec 6, 2023

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Though there are many social and emotional theories, I will focus on the theories proposed by Vygotsky and Piaget. Piaget observed children of various ages and used this information to develop his theory of pre-operational reasoning. Piaget's theory covers ages from birth to puberty and is a very broad concept. Based on age, there are four stages. These phases include preoperational thinking (ages two to seven), concrete operational thinking (ages seven to eleven), formal operational thinking (ages eleven to sixteen), and sensorimotor intelligence (birth to two years old). Based on those four stages, his theory has four main components. According to Thompson (2019), the stages are distinct from one another, occur in the same sequence every time, and are never skipped. Each stage also lays the groundwork for the one that comes after it. Social constructivism was the theoretical framework of Vygotsky. His theory was predicated on the ways in which social interaction shaped reasoning development. Vygotsky placed greater emphasis on language development, the value of adults teaching children, and the influences of sociocultural factors on development. Despite having different ideas and theories, he and Piaget both agreed that learning and social background could not be separated (Social Constructivism, n.d). Regarding the question of which influences development more nature or nurture both appear to lean more in the direction of nurture having a greater impact on social and emotional growth. While they do not entirely ignore nature, they do place more emphasis on how nurture alters outcomes. To help second graders learn, I would make sure to incorporate hands-on activities into my math lessons if I were a teacher. To enable them to actively add and subtract, count, and understand how addition and subtraction work, I would use some kind of toy. I believe that using real objects to demonstrate how the concepts we are learning operate would be a fantastic way to teach the material. A child's cognitive development would be in its preoperational stage at this time, and they would have less grasp of logic. By using a hands-on approach, they would be able to see it and be provided with a tangible tool to lay a solid foundation. Not much would change if I were to apply Vygotsky's theory instead, I would allow my students to assist one another in picking up and comprehending the new material. Of course I would still be available but having a classmate who is the same age as them explain it to them could aid in their understanding more than if I did it myself. References: Thompson, P. (2019, August 15). 2.1 Cognitive Development: The Theory of Jean Piaget https://open.library.okstate.edu/foundationsofeducationaltechnology/chapter/2-cognitive-development- the-theory-of-jean-piaget/

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