Richardson CNDV 5350 Week 4 Assignment (1)

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Dec 6, 2023

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WEEK 4 ASSIGNMENT Week 4 Assignment Jade Richardson CNDV 5350 10/22/23

WEEK 4 ASSIGNMENT Comorbid disorders (when two disorders are present) Comorbid disorders can complicate diagnosis for a client or patient and delay getting them the best treatment for their conditions. Symptoms of one disorder can often mirror or exacerbate symptoms of another, making a diagnosis more difficult for professionals to provide. In the case of an individual with a comorbid mood disorder and personality disorder, this overlap of symptoms can be especially prevalent. The DSM-5 defines personality disorders as “an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture, is pervasive and inflexible, has the onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress and impairment” (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The term “mood disorders” can refer to several disorders or classes of disorders, usually bipolar disorder or depressive disorders. Mood disorders can be treated with medication, therapy, or a combination of the two. Conditions like depression or bipolar disorder are connected to an imbalance of certain neurotransmitters in the brain and medications like mood stabilizers and SSRI are the most common method of treatment.. Various forms of therapy such as CBT are also often utilized for people with mood disorders to help them develop coping skills and receive emotional support as they treat their disorder (Biedel, Bulik, and Stanley, 2017). Treatment Considerations for Personality Disorders Personality disorders are different from mood disorders in that there is no medication to change the maladaptive personality traits that individuals with personality disorders possess. However, since some personality disorders (such as borderline personality disorder) can often cause depression or impulsivity, antidepressants are

WEEK 4 ASSIGNMENT sometimes prescribed to help alleviate those symptoms. While this has shown some success in individuals with BPD, there has not been much conclusive evidence showing that pharmaceutical treatment is beneficial in other personality disorders (Biedel, Bulik, and Stanley, 2017). Until recently, there did not seem to be a vast amount of research done into the effects of various forms of therapy on people with personality disorders. However, in recent years there have been multiple studies completed on the subject. Since there are many disorders and conditions that fall under the umbrella of “personality disorders”, there is no one-size-fits-all therapy solution that works for all of them. Based on these studies, however, researchers do seem to agree that some form of therapy appears important for individuals with personality disorders. Some research suggests that CBT or DBT seems to work for many people with personality disorders, especially borderline personality disorder (Biedel, Bulik, and Stanley, 2017). Case Example Rachel is a 23-year-old female who recently attempted suicide and is currently receiving inpatient treatment at a local hospital. Rachel is currently enrolled in college and states that she has had a difficult time forming relationships with her peers. When asked about friends she has had in the past, Rachel says that she has never been part of the same friend group for very long. She says that growing up in school there was always some kind of “drama” or event that caused her to fall out with a group of friends. She expresses frustration with this and seems to resent them for “abandoning” her. When asked about herself and her interests, she does not seem to have many long- term hobbies. Instead, she seems to bounce around from hobby to hobby, never doing

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WEEK 4 ASSIGNMENT the same one for long. When she starts a new hobby, she tends to devote a large portion of her time and energy to it but eventually leaves it for something else. Upon being asked about what led up to her suicide attempt, Rachel says that she felt so alone and that she didn’t have anyone in her life who truly cared about her. She says that she had been seeing a boy that she went to college with and they had gone on a couple of dates, but that he broke up with her within the last week. She says that he told her she was getting too serious too fast and he just wanted something casual. Rachel says that this was the last straw for her and that she was tired of being abandoned by everyone she cares about. She says that she just feels “empty inside” and that she doesn’t know who she is as a person anymore. Her records indicate that as a teenager Rachel was admitted to an inpatient facility for harming herself by cutting and expressing that she wanted to die. She was seeing a therapist and taking anti-depressants but stopped taking her medication and seeing her therapist when she started college, stating she was doing better and “felt like she didn’t need them anymore”. Rachel has been diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (F60.3) as well as recurrent episodes of severe major depressive disorder (F32.2). Based on her statements and previous diagnosis, Rachel would likely benefit from a combination of medication and therapy. Since both her anti-depressants and seeing her therapist were working for her prior to ending treatment, it is likely that she would still benefit from them. Rachel also needs to be informed of the importance of continuing both kinds of treatment, even if she thinks she might do okay without them. While she could potentially get to a place where she no longer needs regular therapy sessions or anti- depressants, she should consult with a mental health professional or therapist before

WEEK 4 ASSIGNMENT discontinuing either of them. References

WEEK 4 ASSIGNMENT American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed., text rev.) Beidel, D., Bulik, C., & Stanley, M. (2017). Abnormal psychology: a scientist- practitioner approach fourth edition. Pearson.

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