DD3 - Career Personality

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James Madison University *

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365

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Psychology

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Dec 6, 2023

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PERSONALITY & CAREER Discussion Day 3 Prep Assignment - 15 points INSTRUCTIONS: Throughout this unit, you learned about self-identity and personality development and explored how those two concepts relate to career choice and satisfaction. You will explore two different personality inventories that are often used in both selecting a career path and applying for jobs to achieve the goal of learning more about personality development while also learning a little more about yourself. You will choose a TedTalk to watch, and you have the option to CHOOSE: interview someone about the career field you are interested in and about the process of self-identity OR you can research your desired career field and present some information about that career and how your self-identity affects your choice. Type your answer to each question in the space provided. This work will prepare you for the in-class quiz we will take in class. Late Work Policy: needs to be pre-approved. MUST be done PRIOR TO participating in the 2 nd part of the discussion day. DO NOT participate in the IN-CLASS discussion if you have not already completed and submitted this preparation work! Grading: Your work will be graded first by your TA. For each question, you either got it all (full credit), got most but not all (half credit) or got it mostly wrong/left blank (no credit). Your TA will provide general feedback on Canvas. The graduate assistant and I will then grade 25% of all student work in order to check for reliability across graders. Disputes will be resolved through discussion among graders, including me. Once grades are released, you have two business days to email your TA and me with any concerns related to your grade. We are always happy to re- evaluate if you feel you were graded unfairly, and will explain our rationale for the grade you receive. Sometimes we will change our minds about the grade, other times we will maintain the grade. Please recognize that we do our very best, and we work very hard to grade all students fairly. We trust that you will treat us with respect when inquiring about grades. 1. (2 points) Take the following 5-minute quiz: ( https://openpsychometrics.org/tests/RIASEC/ ). Define each of the six personality types according to Holland’s Personality Type Theory. Include your score in the parentheses for each type and your Holland Code (3 letters). Reflect on which 2 type(s) you relate to most and why. In your reflection be sure to consider: Are these results surprising to you? Do you believe this is an accurate representation of you and your interests? Why or why not? What other questions do you have about this code? How might you use it? 1. Define Realistic (your Score: 1): A realistic person is very practical and mechanical. They would succeed in an environment where they could do manual tasks or athletic activities. They like to work with tangible things rather than ideas.

2. Define Investigative (your Score: 19) : This type of person succeeds when they are working with ideas and things. Someone who has a high Investigative score likes to be independent and take pride in their academic ability. 3. Define Artistic (your Score: 29) : Artistic individuals tend to be complicated, creative, and impulsive. They value self-expression and independence; they are also very intuitive and find new ways of doing something. 4. Define Social (your Score: 18): this type of person is very outgoing and friendly. They enjoy spending time with others and tend to work well in a group setting. They are idealistic and have strong values that guide them. 5. Define Enterprising (your Score: 7 ): This type of person favors people and data. They are ambitious and persuasive. This person would succeed in a situation where they can influence and lead people to achieve specific data base goals. 6. Define Conventional (your Score: 2) : this type of person also likes to work with data but would rather work with objects than people. These individuals are practical sociable and prefer a structured environment over a loose setting. 7. Your Holland Code: My Holland code is AIS, this would mean that my strongest personality traits are Artistic, Investigative, and Social. In contrast, I scored low for the Realistic, Enterprising, and Conventional personality traits. 8. Your Holland Code Reflection: I agree with my score, and I think it speaks to my strongest personality traits. I’m a very artistic person and enjoy spending time with others because it gives me energy and I feel happiest when I’m spending my time with friends or family. I was interested by the investigative result, but it makes sense because I’m studying journalism and enjoy asking questions and searching for the deeper meaning in information presented to me. 2. (3 points) Next, explore how your Holland code relates to career options by clicking the link provided at the end of your test under “suitable careers”. Explain what “Job Zone” means (click the link provided on the o*net website or google it). List three of the suggested careers that you would consider and what skills or traits, according to Holland, you have that would make you suitable for the job. Finally, look in your textbook in chapter 10.1 to find the 4 categories of identity, then reflect on the careers that were listed: were you surprised or not? Use the pages in the textbook to define moratorium and

diffusion-do you think this process would be helpful to someone in a state of diffusion or moratorium? Explain. 1. Job Zone: this is the amount of education one would need to do this job successfully. It can also pertain to experience in general or the amount of specific training, not simply education, someone might need for a specific job. 2. Career 1: Music therapist 1. skills/traits: For a music therapist, being an attentive listener, critical thinker and having social perceptiveness are skills that that Holland code has determined that I have that would be helpful for this occupation. 3. Career 2: Highschool English or literature teacher 1. skills/traits: For a high school English teacher, reading comprehension, being able to instruct, and writing skills are attributes that the Holland code has determined I have that are helpful when it comes to being an English teacher for high school students. 4. Career 3: Political scientist 1. skills/traits: For a political scientist, reading comprehension, active listening, and active learning are skills that the Holland code has determined I have that would be beneficial to have. 5. Define Moratorium: this is the stage where adolescents are exploring their job options and what type of career they may want to have, but they haven’t made any firm decisions or commitments to a specific occupation. 6. Define Diffusion: this is when an individual has little motivation to work towards a specific career or occupation. They also have a difficult time cultivating their self- identity and will also have a tough time finding a solution for the situation they find themselves in. 7. Reflection : I wasn’t surprised by the careers listed in the textbook, but I do think for someone who might find themselves in a stage of identity diffusion or moratorium, this process can seem overwhelming. I would say most college students find themselves in one or both of the two stages during their freshman

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year and it can be discouraging when the career you may want, or dream isn’t reflected by a credible scientific study that is supposed to determine the career you’re best suited for based on your strongest attributes. 3. ( 3 points ) Read this article on the MBTI, take the brief, 10-minute test, watch the 15 minute video, then answer the following questions. Article: https://www.verywellmind.com/the-myers-briggs-type-indicator-2795583 Test : https://openpsychometrics.org/tests/OEJTS/ Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dkQiYiXxmjg a. Identify the main goal of the MBTI: The main goal is to determine an individual’s personality preference by evaluating their response to personal questions regarding specific situations or experiences. It allows you to understand how you receive information and how you focus your attention. b. Explain two of the criticisms of the MBTI according to Dr. Todd’s video: i. Dr. Todd believes that the Myers Briggs test evaluates preferences as opposed to actual traits someone may poses. He feels it also doesn’t measure character or ability which means the results you may receive may not be fully accurate because the test doesn’t take in account as many factors as it should. The test doesn’t have any predictive power and Dr. Todd feels it shouldn’t be used in the hiring process. ii: Dr Todd also feels that another flaw in the Myers Briggs test should not be used as a tool to diagnose anyone with a disorder of any kind. He says that this criticism is valid because diagnosing someone wasn’t the intended purpose of the test, but in more recent years, the results have been manipulated to explain away specific issues or phenomenon’s that the test simply isn’t equipped to influence. c. Which type did you get from the test you took? Click on that “type” on the article to learn more about the strengths and weaknesses of this type and summarize them below. Click on at least three of the other types you think might describe you. Do you agree/disagree that the test did a good job of picking the type that best captures who you are? If not, identify the type that you think better fits. Explain why you agree/disagree. Then describe two specific examples of situations in which you can see this type illustrated in your own life. Finally, reflect on your career aspirations: does your “type” fit well with this career – explain. i. My type according to test : INFJ ii. Strengths: INFJ’s are compassionate, helpful, organized, idealistic, and both emotional and logical. The strengths include being sensitive to

the needs of others and valuing close, deep relationships. They are focused on the future therefore plan ahead and stay organized. They are reserved and enjoy thinking about the meaning of life. iii. Weaknesses: INFJ’s can be overly sensitive, difficult to get to know, can set overly high expectations, dislike confrontation and can be stubborn. iv. Agree/Disagree and Explain: I agree with the test’s evaluation exponentially. I felt called out a little bit because I feel the test got me spot on. I am a reserved person the majority of the time, and the only time I feel comfortable being my true self is when I am surrounded by people I’ve known for a long time or feel comfortable with, because of this I don’t go to parties or big group events a lot and I would rather stay home and work on homework or genuinely research or plan for the life that I want in the future. I agree with a lot of the strengths, but I also agree with the weaknesses. I am a very stubborn person, and I don’t like confrontation because it usually leads to an emotional situation, and I tend to express my emotions on a very high level which can turn people off to a friendship or relationship easily. v. Example 1: I have been told by a lot of friends and family members that I would make a very good counselor because I am highly sensitive to other’s needs and can help them express their feelings in a beneficial way, which reflects one of the strengths listed. vi. Example 2: I have an issue where I overly apologize for minor inconveniences to try and distract from a potential confrontation because I don’t like having heated, high stakes conversations because I feel too much is riding on the outcome of the conversation and it could make or break an important relationship that I’ve worked a long time to cultivate. vii. Reflection : I enjoyed this portion of the assignment because it allowed me to take a deeper look at myself and see what aspects of my personality can help me with my dream career and which ones may stand in the way of me achieving my dream if I don’t manage those traits. 4. (3 points) Choose ONE of the following TED talks and answer the questions that follow: If you are interested in motivation pick A and if you are interested in why people choose certain careers/ the thought process behind it, pick B! Do not need to watch the other one! Option A: Intrinsic motivation: Revolutionize education, work, and life https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BjC7cM8a5zU a. Who was Edward Lee Thorndike? What did he believe? i . b. Momeni claims that there has been little progress since Thorndike’s time. He states that these practices are not able to predict future on-the-job behavior. Why

aren’t these practices stated as effective as intended/ why is there such profound bias? i. Reason 1: ii. Reason 2: c. Which type of motivation does Moemeni claim keeps top performers maintaining motivation for decades and achieving that level of mastery? What does this reach? What does Moemeni state research show about this? i. Motivation & reach: ii. Research: d. Moemeni discusses 3 independent studies of medical school students and residents in the US and Canada. What were they looking to find? What was one of the lessons learned? What does Moemeni state is the best way to select top performing applicants while promoting diversity i. Goal: ii. Lesson: iii. Best way: Option B: The Psychology of Career Decisions https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=4e6KSaCxcHs a. What does Sharon Castonguay consider to be the most important factor in choosing a career? Look at Chapter 10.3 in your textbook- How do motivation and passion work together? What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation? i. Most important factor: Sharon Castonguay considers the most important factor to be passion, and if you aren’t passionate about your job then you will most likely lose motivation and not perform to your best ability. ii. How do they work together: Passion is the factor that makes you love what you do and show up every day, while motivation inspires you to keep going when you have moments of doubt because you care about the result and the journey. iii. Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic: Intrinsic motivation comes from within such as engaging in an activity because it brings you joy and you get satisfaction from it. Extrinsic motivation is when you do something to get an external reward like money or recognition. b. What is the design thinking process? What might be the problem with this process? How do you think these problems can be avoided? Support with evidence from the video. i. Design thinking process: This is a process for solving issues where the consumer or audience’s needs are prioritized over all else. It focuses

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on how people interact with their surroundings and suggests a hands approach to problem solving. ii. Possible problem : An issue with the process could be that it approaches design thinking as a structured process where some people believe designing should be messy and can be all over the place rather than organized and following a specific agenda. iii. How to avoid these problems? You can avoid these issues by encouraging individuals to think the way the feel inspired to while also encouraging professionalism and structure. I think the best solution is to find a happy medium where people feel free to focus on the task at hand in the way they see fit without it getting out of hand. c. According to Sharon Castonguay, what factors make up career identity? i. Factors: She states that people usually choose a career for monetary value without thinking about what they want to achieve in life or whether the job with satisfy them in the long run. d. What career path are you seeking right now? Do you think this will change? Do you think current day events might change this career path? (ex. pandemics, governance, economy, etc.). Explain. i. I’m currently seeking a career in journalism. I think it’s possible that this could change because the career I thought I wanted a year ago is completely different than what I’m working towards right now. I think if the government enacts strict restriction on media and news organizations then a career in journalism may be hard to achieve. Journalists are responsible for presenting their audience with facts and the truth, but if that truth disagrees with the beliefs of whoever is in charge, then it can defiantly be shut down. Choose ONE of the following options to complete. 5. OPTION A: ( 4 points) Interview/Networking An amazing resource for you to learn more about your field and to begin networking is the JMU alumni network. Watch this video tutorial on how to get in contact with Alumni of your potential career field: https://www.loom.com/share/967937626aad480f92933c8dd2679c84 If you do not already have a LinkedIn account, this step might not work as well for you since you haven’t made any connections yet. Once you make enough connections this feature will be unlocked. If you cannot complete this step, look for some famous people who got degrees in the

same thing you are pursuing and include their names and why you chose them instead of finding two Alumni. Go through the steps to locate at least 2 people (write down their names and description of why you chose them) that you could potentially contact to talk to about your career (e.g., if you wish to job shadow, get advice on interning or good graduate schools, or simply ask questions to someone living the life you might want to live). To be clear, you don’t have to contact them (but you can if you want to, this is an option for your interviewee); we at least want you to learn about this resource, which can help you now and down the road, too. Once you have done the LinkedIn part, you will choose someone that is currently in a career path that interests you to interview. This can be a family relative, friend, or one of the people you found through LinkedIn (don’t be afraid to contact people, but have a backup plan if you don’t get a response, and contact early!). You have the freedom to structure this interview however you want, but you should at least ask your interviewee 4-5 questions from these options in addition to any other questions you may have: How did they get interested in this career path? What education is required to obtain this career? What does starting salary look like for someone with average requirements entering this field? What would you include in your application to make you stand out when applying for these kinds of jobs? What specific training did they complete? What does a typical day look like? Are there any personality characteristics that align particularly well with this type of job? How does this job align with having a family? What responsibilities are generally a part of this job initially and as you move forward? What advice would they give a college student looking to get into this career? Tips for success? How do you move up in this field? Summarize your interview in a brief paragraph. Then, reflect on these questions: How does this person’s career fit with your values, interests, personality, and skills? Did the interview increase or decrease your interest? Relate this to your Holland’s Personality Type Theory quiz. a. Name of person interviewed: b. List their job/position title and name of the organization/employer: c. Summarize what you learned from your interviewee: d. Reflection: e. Two names/description: 5. OPTION B: (4 points) Using the JMU Career Center resources ( https://www.jmu.edu/career/ ), find information that has to do with the career path that interests you and answer the questions below. Relate this to your Holland’s Personality Type Theory Quiz. Demonstrate your information literacy skills by citing all of the credible sources you used, including the ones we already gave you. In other words, for questions c-g you should have at least one link that we can click on to see where you got your information (and be sure you

consider if this is a credible source before you use it). To start your research, use the Career Guide to JMU Majors ( https://www.jmu.edu/career/careerguide/index.shtml ), BRCC’s great cumulative resource for more information on local careers ( https://www.brcc.edu/services/career/career-resources/ ), as well as this great resource from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, ( https://www.bls.gov/audience/jobseekers.htm ). Remember, these may not be the only sources you will need to use to complete this part of the assignment. a. Profession of interest: I am interested in becoming a journalist for a major publication like Rolling Stone, The New Yorker, or The New York Times Magazine. b. How did you get interested in this career path?: I wanted a creative outlet at college so I applied to write for the school’s newspaper, The Breeze. I was accepted and fell in love with the process and profession. c. What are the education requirements that come along with the profession of Interest?: It varies, but most successful journalists have at least a bachelor’s degree in English, writing or journalism. Writing is a profession that takes experience and to a certain extent can’t be taught, so the longer you’ve been writing and working in journalism, the better off you will be. d. Explain, in detail, the track that you would have to take (whether it be an undergraduate degree, grad school, a training program, internships, or a job application) to get into the field of the career you find interest in: I would have to complete a bachelor’s degree in either writing, English, or print Journalism and a Masters if I wanted to, but it’s not a career requirement. During college I would work for either the school paper or a local paper and begin my experience with print journalism and the environment. After college, I could apply and get a low- level job or internship at a publication with the idea I would move up over time like how most corporate jobs are set up. How far you go in this industry depends on your talent, approach, and connections. The more unique your voice is and the more notable people you know or can get in touch with, the more likely you are to succeed. e. Describe the ability to advance in the career field of interest: The ability to advance in this career is high, if you continue to produce engaging and well written articles to the intended audience. There is a broad spectrum of journalistic opportunities and jobs, so most careers have ebbs and flows. f. What is the starting salary, median salary, and then highest salary in this profession of interest and what requirements/qualifications would you have to have to reach each of those salaries? A starting salary for a journalist is around 30,000 dollars, a median salary is around 42,000 thousand dollars, and the highest salary is around 115,000-120,000. The starting salary is common across most publications because you are writing stories that aren’t that important, but you’re shoeing your grit and talent. To reach the median salary, you would be working a

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local publication as a section writer or editor, but your audience isn’t too large, and your stories are low stakes. The only way to reach the highest salary would be if you worked for a well know publication and you were an editor or section head for said publication. This would be after a significant amount of time in the field, like ten years, and repeated moments where you proved your abilities and brought recognition to your publication. g. What are some of the everyday tasks of your profession of interest? Some everyday tasks are writing, interviewing, researching, forming questions, staying informed with current events, being flexible, and brainstorming ideas. f. Describe how would you best network within your field. What do you think you might do in the future to help young people who might be interested in your career to understand it and how to be successful at it?: You network in journalism by supporting you fellow and local journalists and publications because you never know where someone may end up or what opportunities may arise. In any field where interaction with peers and an audience are crucial, you never want to be closed off or arrogant because no one will want to help you or vouch for you when you’re working on an article or looking for a job. g. Look at this career checklist: https://www.fredonia.edu/student-life/career- development-office/career-planning-checklist . Which of these things have you already done? Which 2 things would you argue are the most important to cross off on this list?: I haven’t met with a career counselor and honestly I don’t think it’s that important to do so. I can identify all the aspects of my hopeful career because I already practice in the field. I would say the most important things to cross off the list are being able to identify employer’s wo when it comes time for you to graduate and get a real job, you aren’t scrambling. I would also say that being comfortable and practicing an interview is very important because it’s your potential employer’s first impression of you and it can make or break whether you get the job. h. Reflection/Relation to Holland’s Quiz: I think my want to pursue journalism correlates well with my Holland’s quiz results. I scored highest in the Investigative, Artistic, and Social traits, which are all crucial for someone who would ask questions for a living, needs to think outside of the box, and needs to make connections with my peers and sources when writing an article. i. Which resources did you find most useful in your research, and how do you know they are credible? I used Indeed and LinkedIn as my main sources. Although they are commercial website, which are usually unreliable, they provide up to date and accurate information regarding data trends and job availabilities. They don’t profit off the information they release so there would be no motivation for biased information to be published.

DD3 - Career Personality

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