Richardson CNDV 5350 Week 2 Assignment

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Dec 6, 2023

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WEEK 2 ASSIGNMENT Week 2 Assignment Jade Richardson CNDV 5350 10/08/23

WEEK 2 ASSIGNMENT Comparing Panic Disorder and Social Anxiety Disorder Panic Disorder The primary sign of panic disorder is panic attacks, which are defined in the DSM-5 as “an abrupt surge of intense fear or intense discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes” leading to symptoms such as accelerated heart rate, sweating, shortness of breath, and nausea. Additionally, a person with panic disorder may exhibit avoidant behaviors in an attempt to avoid subsequent attacks. Individuals with panic disorder experience anxiety about the panic attacks themselves, and often worry that they are signs of an underlying health condition (such as a heart attack) or that they are “crazy”. Panic disorder occurs more often in females than in males, and is uncommon before the age of 14 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Social Anxiety Disorder Social anxiety disorder is a psychological condition involving persistent, intense anxiety revolving around social situations. The DSM-5 states that a person with social anxiety disorder may be anxious about being around new or unfamiliar people, being observed by others, or performing or speaking in public. It also states that they may attempt to avoid social situations that cause them anxiety and that they perceive a threat that is far greater than the reality of the situation, such as misspeaking in a conversation at a work function and being fired for it. Social anxiety disorder causes significant distress in affected individuals and can lead to problems at home, school, or work (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).

WEEK 2 ASSIGNMENT Similarities Individuals with either panic disorder or social anxiety disorder may have some overlapping symptoms. Both disorders can cause the traditional symptoms of basic anxiety, such as an accelerated heart rate, shortness of breath, and nausea. Additionally, people with social anxiety disorder may experience panic attacks, but they generally experience anxiety about how the panic attacks may be perceived by others rather than anxiety about the panic attacks themselves. Both disorders also affect females more than males. Differences While many of the symptoms and features of both panic disorder and social anxiety disorder can overlap, there are others that are unique to each disorder. People with a panic disorder may have panic attacks in a variety of situations, whereas a person with social anxiety disorder would likely only experience anticipatory anxiety leading up to a social situation or anxiety and panic during a social activity barring any other anxiety disorder. Social anxiety disorder is slightly more common, occurring in approximately 7% of the population of the U.S., as opposed to panic disorder which occurs in approximately 2-3% of the population. Causes As with many other psychological disorders, there is not a single, simple cause of either condition. Panic disorder is often preceded by physical or sexual abuse in childhood and can also be associated with respiratory diseases like asthma. Both panic disorder and social anxiety disorder are understood to be at least somewhat hereditary, and individuals whose parents have bipolar or other mental health disorders have an

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WEEK 2 ASSIGNMENT increased risk of developing panic disorder. Treatment For both panic disorder and social anxiety disorder, the most common methods of treatment are medications like SSRIs or through therapy. SSRI medications help to increase the amount of the neurotransmitter serotonin which promotes feelings of calm and can help lessen feelings of anxiety or panic. Therapy such as cognitive behavioral therapy can encourage an individual to face the things that give them panic or anxiety and to restructure their thoughts in a more positive, productive way (Biedel, Bulik, and Stanley, 2017).

WEEK 2 ASSIGNMENT References American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed., text rev.) Beidel, D., Bulik, C., & Stanley, M. (2017). Abnormal psychology: a scientist-practitioner approach fourth edition. Pearson.

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