COUN 5239 - Theories Counseling Chart

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COUN 5239

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Dec 6, 2023

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Theories of Counseling Chart As you progress through this course, you will create a Theories of Counseling Chart summarizing key aspects of each theory. As you review the theories each week in COUN 5239 – Theories for the Counseling Profession , respond to each theory’s corresponding questions in the document below. There is also a section for you to draft a statement reflecting your personal model of counseling. You will be able to refer to this personalized chart throughout your classes, into your practicum and internship, and as you prepare for your licensure exam. List of Theories  Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic Theory.  Adlerian Theory.  Existential Theory.  Gestalt Theory.  Person-Centered Theory.  Behavioral Theory.  Cognitive Theory.  Cognitive Behavior Theory.  Rational Emotive Behavior Theory (REBT).  Reality Theory.  Feminist Theory.  Narrative Theory.  Solution-Focused Theory.  Family Systems Therapies.  Integrative Theory. Personal Model of Counseling For u05a1, you will identify the counseling theory discussed in Weeks 2–5 that resonates with you the most. As counselors may gravitate towards theoretical integration in professional practice, you will add to this section for the Week 8 assignment identifying one counseling theory covered during units 6–8 of clinical interest. Include a statement in both u05a1 and u08a1 of how the identified theory aligns with your worldview and belief on the nature of people and how the counseling theory can support the client in working through challenges. - I resonate most with person-centered therapy as it places value on an individual’s own personal growth, as well as their personal healthy relationships with others. I understand that the importance of having a type of emotional support and allowing one to divulge in current issues can make such an impact on the positive response’s individuals have. I also feel that people can tend to be hard on themselves that they may have had no prior influence and yet, they feel at fault. I feel that with this therapy approach, building a relationship with the client will seem more authentic and genuine as the client will feel heard and validated within their emotions and feelings. Week 2: Psychanalytic and Psychodynamic Theory Key Concepts Who is primarily considered the proponent(s) or creator of psychoanalytic and psychodynamic theory? What 1

are the philosophical assumptions and key concepts of these theories, including how and why people develop problems? - Sigmund Freud is considered to be the “father” of psychoanalysis. The philosophical assumption of psychoanalysis is the view that all individuals act on behaviors brought on by unconscious feelings and thoughts, irrational fears, and instincts that were first comprised through the course of when the individual is born to six years of age. This theory is primarily utilized to bring up the Id, Ego, and Superego to the surface. Theory of Change How can psychoanalytic and psychodynamic theories help a person overcome problems? What must a person do to improve mental health, wellness, and functioning? - It is vital to bring about the unconscious motivations to the surface, as it encourages the client to become mindful of their behaviors and make healthier decisions to better their actions. It also allows the client to confront any trauma they might have endured. With this type of therapy, a person must become self-aware to improve decision-making. Interventions What interventions or techniques does the counselor use to help bring about change? - Some interventions that can be utilized in Psychodynamic therapy are free association, dream analysis, parapraxes, free-flowing conversations, and transference analysis. Who Is in Charge? What Is the Role of the Client and the Counselor? What is the counselor responsible for in sessions? What is the client expected to do? Who takes the leading role in the interaction? - The counselor is responsible to “assume an anonymous nonjudgmental stance, which is sometimes called the blank screen approach” (Corey, 2023). This allows a sense of neutrality within the therapist- client relationship. In this type of theory, the client is the one to take the leading role in what is called “free association”. This allows the client to speak on any topic they can think of without “self- censorship”, all while lying on the couch providing a sense of speaking alone and avoiding the client from seeing the analysts’ facial expressions or projecting from their body language. Appropriateness for Diverse Populations Based on research, what is the appropriateness of the counseling theory for diverse populations (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability)? Be sure to format your sources in APA style. - Although Psychoanalytic therapy can be modified and utilized across a wide variety of diverse cultural backgrounds, this type of therapy is mostly recommended for long-term usage. So, while anyone can benefit from psychoanalysis, this therapy will become costly and may not be helpful for those individuals of a low socioeconomic status. Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. Scholarly Articles, Books, and Web Resources on the Theory From your own internet and library search, list web links for credible organizations supporting these counseling theories and references for scholarly articles and books providing evidence for their effectiveness. Be sure to format your sources in APA style. American Psychoanalytic Association: https://apsa.org/about-psychoanalysis/psychoanalytic-theory- approaches/. American Psychoanalytic Association: https://apsa.org/about-psychoanalysis/psychoanalytic-theory- approaches/. 2

- Actualize. (2023, April 5). Actualize . American Psychoanalytic Association. https://apsa.org/about- psychoanalysis/psychoanalytic-theory-approaches/. - Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. Week 2: Adlerian Theory Key Concepts Who is primarily considered the proponent(s) or creator of Adlerian theory? What are the philosophical assumptions and key concepts of this theory, including how and why people develop problems? - Alfred Adler is the creator of Adlerian theory. Adler based his theory that individuals were not driven on their own but based on the environmental influences; Adler did not believe individuals having personalities. Adler believed any and all choices are influenced and goal oriented. Key concepts for Adlerian theory focus on the mind, body, and emotions. Theory of Change How can Adlerian theory help a person overcome problems? What must a person do to improve mental health, wellness, and functioning? - Individuals develop a newer sense of control of their own lives; they will no longer allow past experiences to affect their behaviors and responses. A person must be able to identify any negative past experiences that may have influenced their current lifestyle in order for the client to learn new coping skills to override negative responses. Interventions What interventions or techniques does the counselor use to help bring about change? - Role playing: clients can explore different possibilities on how to manage emotions and behaviors. - Guided Imagery: clients can explore in changing the narrative on some negative imprints that may have been instilled from childhood. Who Is in Charge? What Is the Role of the Client and the Counselor? What is the counselor responsible for in sessions? What is the client expected to do? Who takes the leading role in the interaction? - During an Adlerian-based therapy session, both the counselor and clients take a more collaborative approach. The counselor’s role is to assist the client in gaining insight of their choices and life in order for the client to take on healthier approaches and see where they may result in gaining issues. The client will also gain knowledge on how some of their past may have presently affected their behaviors and lifestyle. Appropriateness for Diverse Populations Based on research, what is the appropriateness of the counseling theory for diverse populations (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability)? Be sure to format your sources in APA style. - Although Adlerians structure their practice around the individual and their social influences, some cultures may believe that divulging information about family may be inappropriate. This approach may also not be appropriate for clients who may have learning disabilities or cognitive disabilities and are unable to recall childhood experiences. Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. 3

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Scholarly Articles, Books, and Web Resources on the Theory From your own internet and library search, list web links for credible organizations supporting this counseling theory and references for scholarly articles and books providing evidence for its effectiveness. Be sure to format your sources in APA style. - Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. Week 3: Existential Theory Key Concepts Who is primarily considered the proponent(s) or creator of existential theory? What are the philosophical assumptions and key concepts of this theory, including how and why people develop problems? - Rollo May and Irvin Yalom are considered to be the creators of existential theory. Existential therapy is based on individuals having free will and are responsible for their choices and actions. The key concepts are the client understanding their meaning in life. Theory of Change How can existential theory help a person overcome problems? What must a person do to improve mental health, wellness, and functioning? - Existential theory assists the client in identifying their true identity and meaning in life by establishing healthy and significant relationships. In order for a person to improve their mental health, wellness, and functioning, they must fill their life with purpose and meaning. Interventions What interventions or techniques does the counselor use to help bring about change? - Existential therapy does not utilize specific techniques or interventions, however “It bases therapeutic practice on an understanding of what it means to be human” (Corey, 2023). It allows the client to gain insight on human experiences and the meaning of existence. Who Is in Charge? What Is the Role of the Client and the Counselor? What is the counselor responsible for in sessions? What is the client expected to do? Who takes the leading role in the interaction? - In existential therapy, the counselor is responsible for encouraging clients to accept personal responsibility. The clients will decide and explore their feelings, fears, and anxieties and confront these concerns and develop their meaning in life. In this type of therapy, the therapist takes the leading role as they promote the client to speak about their beliefs and values, however as the session proceeds, the client goes into the leading position. Appropriateness for Diverse Populations Based on research, what is the appropriateness of the counseling theory for diverse populations (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability)? Be sure to format your sources in APA style. - Existential therapy may be utilized in the diverse populations as it emphasizes on the present and values free will. Existential therapy may have some limitations in the event the client feels they have limited choices due to environmental stressors or influences. Some individuals may value working in a more structured and direct-approach environment. Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. 4

Scholarly Articles, Books, and Web Resources on the Theory From your own internet and library search, list web links for credible organizations supporting this counseling theory and references for scholarly articles and books providing evidence for its effectiveness. Be sure to format your sources in APA style. - Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. Week 3: Gestalt Theory Key Concepts Who is primarily considered the proponent(s) or creator of gestalt theory? What are the philosophical assumptions and key concepts of this theory, including how and why people develop problems? - Primarily considered the creator of gestalt theory is Fritz Perls. Gestalt therapy focuses on the present and treats the client as a whole person and grouping by finding common grounds, similarities, and the focus. Theory of Change How can gestalt help a person overcome problems? What must a person do to improve mental health, wellness, and functioning? - Gestalt therapy also enhances awareness, acceptance, and living in the now as being essential. A person must utilize their mind, body, and spirit as a whole in order to develop healthy changes in choices and behaviors. Interventions What interventions or techniques does the counselor use to help bring about change? - The Now: Counselor encourages speaking in the present about their feelings or thoughts. - Blocked Energy: Client discovers where they are putting their energy in order to avoid a feeling, identify how they are avoiding the feelings, and learn skills and behaviors to better express their feelings and energy. - Unfinished Business: Client confronts feelings they have yet to acknowledge in the past and have lingered in their present. Who Is in Charge? What Is the Role of the Client and the Counselor? What is the counselor responsible for in sessions? What is the client expected to do? Who takes the leading role in the interaction? - In Gestalt therapy, the client is the one to take the lead as the therapist is encouraged to “create a climate in which clients are likely to try out new ways of being and behaving” (Corey, 2023). The counselor will also keep an eye on client’s body language and facial expressions, share these observations and ask the client to explain what these nonverbal cues mean. The client is expected to go through a series comprised of 3 stages: (1) discovery, taking other perspectives on themselves or others around them, (2) accommodation, implementing the learned behaviors, and (3) assimilation, the positive effect they start to develop in their environment with the new behaviors they have implemented. Appropriateness for Diverse Populations Based on research, what is the appropriateness of the counseling theory for diverse populations (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability)? Be sure to format your sources in APA style. 5

- Although gestalt therapy can be easily manufactured to fit the diverse populations, some limitations within this therapy is how some individuals may find it as a “weakness” in displaying feelings and emotions which may lead to lack of sharing on the client’s part. Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. Scholarly Articles, Books, and Web Resources on the Theory From your own internet and library search, list web links for credible organizations supporting this counseling theory and references for scholarly articles and books providing evidence for its effectiveness. Be sure to format your sources in APA style. - Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. - Gestalt Institute of Cleveland. (n.d.). https://www.gestaltcleveland.org/ - Gestalt International Study Center: Cape cod . Gestalt International Study Center | Cape Cod. (n.d.). https://www.gisc.org/ Week 4: Person-Centered Theory Key Concepts Who is primarily considered the proponent(s) or creator of person-centered theory? What are the philosophical assumptions and key concepts of this theory, including how and why people develop problems? - Carl Rogers is said to be the creator of person-centered theory. Corey (2023) states, “Roger’s basic assumptions are essentially trustworthy…” (p. 200). The counselor remains genuine, provides reflection, and summarization of the client’s feelings, decrease feelings of shame and lack of self- acceptance, and promotes independence. Theory of Change How can person-centered theory help a person overcome problems? What must a person do to improve mental health, wellness, and functioning? - Person-centered theory allows the client to come to self-realization and achieve independence. This theory provides the client with the capacity and wish for a change. Interventions What interventions or techniques does the counselor use to help bring about change? - In person-centered recovery, empathic understanding, congruence, unconditional positive regard, immediacy, and reflection are techniques that are utilized. In these sessions, the counselor is responsible for active listening, understanding, accepting, and respecting. The counselor needs to have their full attention towards the client. Who Is in Charge? What Is the Role of the Client and the Counselor? What is the counselor responsible for in sessions? What is the client expected to do? Who takes the leading role in the interaction? 6

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- A counselor will be sure to create and maintain a safe and nonjudgmental environment. In person- centered therapy, the client takes the leading role as they are expected to take lead on the topic of conversation allowing them to accomplish realizations. Appropriateness for Diverse Populations Based on research, what is the appropriateness of the counseling theory for diverse populations (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability)? Be sure to format your sources in APA style. - With person-centered therapy allowing the client to take the lead in the sessions, this therapy can be beneficial across the various types of populations. Speaking on the fact that the client is ready to speak about any issues they may be experiencing, this may be an appropriate approach. Some limitations to this therapy may be on some of cultural or religious beliefs of women and/or children becoming independent. - Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. Scholarly Articles, Books, and Web Resources on the Theory From your own internet and library search, list web links for credible organizations supporting this counseling theory and references for scholarly articles and books providing evidence for its effectiveness. Be sure to format your sources in APA style. - Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. Week 5: Behavioral Theory Key Concepts Who is primarily considered the proponent(s) or creator of behavioral theory? What are the philosophical assumptions and key concepts of this theory, including how and why people develop problems? - John B. Watson is the creator of behavioral theory. In behavioral theory, it is assumed that individuals are able to unlearn responses to certain triggers and replace them with healthier and realistic responses. The key concept of this theory is that all behaviors and responses are learned through conditioning. Theory of Change How can behavioral theory help a person overcome problems? What must a person do to improve mental health, wellness, and functioning? - As this theory revolved around the individual’s learned behaviors, those same behaviors can be unlearned. An individual must be willing and ready to engage in past experiences that have led them to these responses they want to have reinforced. An individual must also have an appropriate sense to working on managing these new and acquired skillsets. Interventions What interventions or techniques does the counselor use to help bring about change? - Goal setting: through the use, clients will be held accountable to invoke in their behavioral changes. - Token economy: clients may be given tokens as a reward for positive behavior. 7

Who Is in Charge? What Is the Role of the Client and the Counselor? What is the counselor responsible for in sessions? What is the client expected to do? Who takes the leading role in the interaction? - In this type of therapy, the client takes the leading role while the counselor assists in identifying the negative responses and advocate for a more positive approach. The counselor’s role in these sessions is to sit in as a referee for the client and hold them accountable to their behaviors. Appropriateness for Diverse Populations Based on research, what is the appropriateness of the counseling theory for diverse populations (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability)? Be sure to format your sources in APA style. - Behavioral therapy is flexible as it is based more on environmental influences rather than expressing feelings and emotions. However, in terms of having clients of different cultural backgrounds than the counselor, the counselor must be ready to invoke on how their responses are heavily based on social factors. Corey states, “Counselors must be courageous in calling out racial and cultural disparities” (p. 311). Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. Scholarly Articles, Books, and Web Resources on the Theory From your own internet and library search, list web links for credible organizations supporting this counseling theory and references for scholarly articles and books providing evidence for its effectiveness. Be sure to format your sources in APA style. - Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. - Home - ABCT - association for behavioral and cognitive therapies . ABCT. (2023, November 3). https://www.abct.org/ Week 5: Cognitive Theory Key Concepts Who is primarily considered the proponent(s) or creator of cognitive theory? What are the philosophical assumptions and key concepts of this theory, including how and why people develop problems? - Aaron T. Beck is the creator of cognitive theory. This theory basis itself in identifying and reshaping the unrealistic thoughts and maladapted behaviors caused by irrational thoughts. Beck’s theory has led to the assumption that if individuals are able to control their thoughts, it is rolled into that individuals are also able to control their emotions. Theory of Change How can cognitive theory help a person overcome problems? What must a person do to improve mental health, wellness, and functioning? - Cognitive theory promotes the individual’s ability to reform their thoughts and how they express emotions and feelings. An individual must be willing to test out their thoughts and acknowledge the maladaptive response patterns to invoke on their corrective response control. 8

Interventions What interventions or techniques does the counselor use to help bring about change? - Some interventions and techniques that may be utilized in cognitive therapy are guided discovery, Socratic dialogue, empirically testing, and journaling. Who Is in Charge? What Is the Role of the Client and the Counselor? What is the counselor responsible for in sessions? What is the client expected to do? Who takes the leading role in the interaction? - Both the client and counselor are collaboratively working within this type of therapy. The counselor is responsible to voice any behaviors that may be negatively affecting the client. The counselor is also responsible in supporting the client to acknowledge their negative thinking patterns. The client is expected to remain honest to be able to have more successful results. Appropriateness for Diverse Populations Based on research, what is the appropriateness of the counseling theory for diverse populations (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability)? Be sure to format your sources in APA style. - This therapy is useful and helpful for all diverse populations as it is beneficial for any and all individuals who have experienced negative events that have led to their negative thinking. Cognitive therapy is essential to relearn and gain self-esteem and assist in the individual in learning their own value. Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. Scholarly Articles, Books, and Web Resources on the Theory From your own internet and library search, list web links for credible organizations supporting this counseling theory and references for scholarly articles and books providing evidence for its effectiveness. Be sure to format your sources in APA style. - Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. - Home - ABCT - association for behavioral and cognitive therapies . ABCT. (2023, November 3). https://www.abct.org/ Week 5: Cognitive Behavior Theory (CBT) Key Concepts Who is primarily considered the proponent(s) or creator of cognitive behavior theory? What are the philosophical assumptions and key concepts of this theory, including how and why people develop problems? - Aaron T. Beck is the creator of cognitive behavior theory. In this theory, it is assumed that thoughts, emotions, and behaviors coincide with one another. Key concepts of CBT are the identification, changing, and prevention of the negative thought patterns. Theory of Change How can cognitive behavior theory help a person overcome problems? What must a person do to improve mental health, wellness, and functioning? - CBT is useful in the sense that it will allow the client to reshape their negative thought patterns into a more functional process. Changing these patterns will open more positive behaviors in the individuals. 9

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An individual must be willing and ready to work towards their recovery by being open and honest with the counselor. Interventions What interventions or techniques does the counselor use to help bring about change? - Some techniques utilized in CBT are guided discovery, exposure therapy, journaling, Socratic dialogue, role playing, and relaxation strategies. Who Is in Charge? What Is the Role of the Client and the Counselor? What is the counselor responsible for in sessions? What is the client expected to do? Who takes the leading role in the interaction? - In CBT, the counselor and client are working together towards the same goal. A counselor is responsible for asking the clients open-ended questions that allow them to think in a more constructive manner. The client will identify the answers to these questions to be able to then reframe their responses. Appropriateness for Diverse Populations Based on research, what is the appropriateness of the counseling theory for diverse populations (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability)? Be sure to format your sources in APA style. - Although CBT is sensitive to diverse populations, counselors must also have much knowledge on their client’s cultural backgrounds in order to understand them better. CBT is one of the more popularly utilized therapies as it is more client driven. Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. Scholarly Articles, Books, and Web Resources on the Theory From your own internet and library search, list web links for credible organizations supporting this counseling theory and references for scholarly articles and books providing evidence for its effectiveness. Be sure to format your sources in APA style. - Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. - Home - ABCT - association for behavioral and cognitive therapies . ABCT. (2023, November 3). https://www.abct.org/ Week 5: Rational Emotive Behavior Theory (REBT) Key Concepts Who is primarily considered the proponent(s) or creator of rational emotive behavior theory? What are the philosophical assumptions and key concepts of this theory, including how and why people develop problems? - Albert Ellis is the creator of Rational Emotive Behavior Theory. This theory is that individuals’ views and beliefs are learned from childhood and tend to be recreated in our adulthood. Theory of Change How can rational emotive behavior theory help a person overcome problems? What must a person do to improve mental health, wellness, and functioning? 10

- When the client has gained the knowledge about their reactions coming from their views and beliefs, they gain the power over their reactions and learn to manage them. This empowers the client to make healthier choices, however the client must be willing to participate in counseling and take accountability. Interventions What interventions or techniques does the counselor use to help bring about change? - Some techniques utilized are decatastrophizing, reframing, and mindfulness which assist in allowing clients to learn their irrational beliefs and change habits to healthier approaches. Who Is in Charge? What Is the Role of the Client and the Counselor? What is the counselor responsible for in sessions? What is the client expected to do? Who takes the leading role in the interaction? - The counselor is responsible to “dispute clients’ irrational beliefs and encourages clients to engage in activities that will counter their self-defeating beliefs by replacing their rigid ‘musts’ with preferences” (Corey, 2023). During this type of therapy, the client is to identify their irrational beliefs and replace them with healthier beliefs. In this therapy, both the counselor and the client take the lead. Appropriateness for Diverse Populations Based on research, what is the appropriateness of the counseling theory for diverse populations (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability)? Be sure to format your sources in APA style. - REBT is available to assist all individuals for diverse populations as it has no biases and promotes clients to accept themselves and their culture. “REBT supports their life-enhancing choices and goals, while paying attention to and being sensitive to the mores and taboos they embrace within the context of their culture/identification/religion. “ Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. Scholarly Articles, Books, and Web Resources on the Theory From your own internet and library search, list web links for credible organizations supporting this counseling theory and references for scholarly articles and books providing evidence for its effectiveness. Be sure to format your sources in APA style. The Albert Ellis Institute: https://www.rebt.org Bernard, M.E., Dryden, W., ProQuest Ebooks & SpringerLink. (2019). Advances in REBT: Theory, practice, research, measurement, prevention and promotion Cham: Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978- 3-319-93118-0 The Albert Ellis Institute: https://www.rebt.org Bernard, M.E., Dryden, W., ProQuest Ebooks & SpringerLink. (2019). Advances in REBT: Theory, practice, research, measurement, prevention and promotion Cham: Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978- 3-319-93118-0 - Bernard, M.E., Dryden, W., ProQuest Ebooks & SpringerLink. (2019). Advances in REBT: Theory, practice, research, measurement, prevention and promotion Cham: Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93118-0 - Corey, G. (2023). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy . Cengage Learning. - Ink, S. (n.d.). Albert Ellis Institute. https://www.rebt.org/ 11

Week 6: Reality Theory Key Concepts Who is primarily considered the proponent(s) or creator of reality theory? What are the philosophical assumptions and key concepts of this theory, including how and why people develop problems? Theory of Change How can reality theory help a person overcome problems? What must a person do to improve mental health, wellness, and functioning? Interventions What interventions or techniques does the counselor use to help bring about change? Who Is in Charge? What Is the Role of the Client and the Counselor? What is the counselor responsible for in sessions? What is the client expected to do? Who takes the leading role in the interaction? Appropriateness for Diverse Populations Based on research, what is the appropriateness of the counseling theory for diverse populations (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability)? Be sure to format your sources in APA style. Scholarly Articles, Books, and Web Resources on the Theory From your own internet and library search, list web links for credible organizations supporting this counseling theory and references for scholarly articles and books providing evidence for its effectiveness. Be sure to format your sources in APA style. Week 7: Feminist Theory Key Concepts Who is primarily considered the proponent(s) or creator of feminist theory? What are the philosophical assumptions and key concepts of this theory, including how and why people develop problems? Theory of Change How can feminist theory help a person overcome problems? What must a person do to improve mental health, wellness, and functioning? Interventions What interventions or techniques does the counselor use to help bring about change? Who Is in Charge? What Is the Role of the Client and the Counselor? What is the counselor responsible for in sessions? What is the client expected to do? Who takes the leading role in the interaction? Appropriateness for Diverse Populations Based on research, what is the appropriateness of the counseling theory for diverse populations (e.g., age, 12

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gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability)? Be sure to format your sources in APA style. Scholarly Articles, Books, and Web Resources on the Theory From your own internet and library search, list web links for credible organizations supporting this counseling theory and references for scholarly articles and books providing evidence for its effectiveness. Be sure to format your sources in APA style. Week 8: Narrative Theory Key Concepts Who is primarily considered the proponent(s) or creator of narrative theory? What are the philosophical assumptions and key concepts of this theory, including how and why people develop problems? Theory of Change How can narrative help a person overcome problems? What must a person do to improve mental health, wellness, and functioning? Interventions What interventions or techniques does the counselor use to help bring about change? Who Is in Charge? What Is the Role of the Client and the Counselor? What is the counselor responsible for in sessions? What is the client expected to do? Who takes the leading role in the interaction? Appropriateness for Diverse Populations Based on research, what is the appropriateness of the counseling theory for diverse populations (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability)? Be sure to format your sources in APA style. Scholarly Articles, Books, and Web Resources on the Theory From your own internet and library search, list web links for credible organizations supporting this counseling theory and references for scholarly articles and books providing evidence for its effectiveness. Be sure to format your sources in APA style. Week 8: Solution-Focused Theory Key Concepts Who is primarily considered the proponent(s) or creator of solution-focused theory? What are the philosophical assumptions and key concepts of this theory, including how and why people develop problems? Theory of Change How can solution-focused theory help a person overcome problems? What must a person do to improve mental health, wellness, and functioning? Interventions What interventions or techniques does the counselor use to help bring about change? 13

Who Is in Charge? What Is the Role of the Client and the Counselor? What is the counselor responsible for in sessions? What is the client expected to do? Who takes the leading role in the interaction? Appropriateness for Diverse Populations Based on research, what is the appropriateness of the counseling theory for diverse populations (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability)? Be sure to format your sources in APA style. Scholarly Articles, Books, and Web Resources on the Theory From your own internet and library search, list web links for credible organizations supporting this counseling theory and references for scholarly articles and books providing evidence for its effectiveness. Be sure to format your sources in APA style. Week 8: Family Systems Therapies Key Concepts Who is primarily considered the proponent(s) or creator of family systems therapy? What are the philosophical assumptions and key concepts of this therapy, including how and why people develop problems? Theory of Change How can family systems therapy help a person overcome problems? What must a person do to improve mental health, wellness, and functioning? Interventions What interventions or techniques does the counselor use to help bring about change? Who Is in Charge? What Is the Role of the Client and the Counselor? What is the counselor responsible for in sessions? What is the client expected to do? Who takes the leading role in the interaction? Appropriateness for Diverse Populations Based on research, what is the appropriateness of the counseling theory for diverse populations (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability)? Be sure to format your sources in APA style. Scholarly Articles, Books, and Web Resources on the Theory From your own internet and library search, list web links for credible organizations supporting this counseling therapy and references for scholarly articles and books providing evidence for its effectiveness. Be sure to format your sources in APA style. Week 9: Integrative Theory Key Concepts Who is primarily considered the proponent(s) or creator of integrative theory? What are the philosophical assumptions and key concepts of this theory, including how and why people develop problems? 14

Theory of Change How can integrative theory help a person overcome problems? What must a person do to improve mental health, wellness, and functioning? Interventions What interventions or techniques does the counselor use to help bring about change? Who Is in Charge? What Is the Role of the Client and the Counselor? What is the counselor responsible for in sessions? What is the client expected to do? Who takes the leading role in the interaction? Appropriateness for Diverse Populations Based on research, what is the appropriateness of the counseling theory for diverse populations (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability)? Be sure to format your sources in APA style. Scholarly Articles, Books, and Web Resources on the Theory From your own internet and library search, list web links for credible organizations supporting this counseling theory and references for scholarly articles and books providing evidence for its effectiveness. Be sure to format your sources in APA style. 15

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