3-2 Prevention Program Milestone One

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Dec 6, 2023

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3-2 Prevention Program Milestone One: Short Presentation Drugs prevention program for adults Tiffany White Sothern New Hampshire University PSY-200 July 16,2023

History of Drug Addiction in Adults The history of drug addiction in adults spans centuries and has evolved in response to cultural, social, and economic factors. “Drug abuse has plagued the American continent since the 1800s, when morphine, heroin, and cocaine were hailed for their amazing curative properties.” (American Addiction Centers Editorial Staff, 2023) In the early 20th century, opiate addiction, primarily involving morphine and heroin, was prevalent. The United States faced an opioid epidemic, with "opium dens" and illegal drug trade becoming prominent. The mid-20th century witnessed a shift to amphetamines and barbiturates, with amphetamines being used recreationally and barbiturates being abused due to their addictive properties.

History of Drug Addiction in Adults Cont. The late 20th century saw significant changes as illicit drug use became widespread. Marijuana, hallucinogens like LSD, and new drugs like cocaine gained popularity.” Various conquistadors discovered the drugs that kept the locals going, especially cocaine, which was touted as a wonder cure for all ailments.” (American Addiction Centers Editorial Staff, 2023) The emergence of crack cocaine in the 1980s and 1990s led to a devastating epidemic characterized by addiction, violence, and crime. Prescription drug abuse, particularly opioids, also became a major concern. In the 21st century, the misuse of prescription opioids reached epidemic proportions, leading to the "opioid crisis." Synthetic drugs like synthetic cannabinoids and cathinones also emerged, causing severe health consequences and addiction issues.

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History of Drug Addiction in Adults Cont. Efforts to address drug addiction now focus on prevention, treatment, and harm reduction strategies. The recognition of addiction as a public health issue has led to increased support for recovery, access to treatment programs, and public education. While this overview provides a condensed perspective on the history of drug addiction in adults, it's important to acknowledge that the issue is complex and varies across different regions and cultures.

Adults & the Risk of Drug Addiction • Adults are at an increased risk of drug addiction due to a combination of factors. “Drug use has been a problem for adults for decades, and it’s not improving.” (Carberg, 2023) Drug abuse is the most common cause of preventable deaths in the United States The adult years bring significant life changes, including heightened responsibilities, work- related stress, and financial pressures, which can contribute to emotional strain and make adults more susceptible to using substances as a coping mechanism. Moreover, adults generally have greater exposure to drugs compared to younger individuals, encountering prescription medications and recreational drugs more frequently.

Adults & the Risk of Drug Addiction Cont. • Social and environmental factors, such as work stress, relationship challenges, and peer influence, further compound the risk. “Some people can become addicted after using a substance only once, while for others, it may take years to become addicted.” (Carberg, 2023) Additionally, adults who have engaged in substance use earlier in life are more likely to develop addiction later on. Recognizing these risk factors and implementing prevention strategies, education, and accessible support and treatment services are essential in addressing drug addiction among adults.

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Current impact on the population • Drug addiction has far-reaching impacts on multiple levels, including the population, families, workplaces, and communities. At the population level, it poses a significant public health challenge. Drug overdoses, particularly involving opioids, have become a leading cause of preventable deaths, straining healthcare systems and resulting in devastating loss of lives. “The economic cost alone is immense, estimated at nearly $215 billion. The damage caused by drug abuse and addiction is reflected in an overburdened justice system, a strained healthcare system, lost productivity, and environmental destruction.” (U.S. Department of Justice, 2010) The economic burden of addiction includes lost productivity, increased healthcare costs, and the demand for social welfare programs.

Current impact on the Family • Within families, drug addiction wreaks havoc, causing profound disruptions and challenges. Relationships are strained, communication breaks down, and emotional trauma takes its toll. Family members often suffer psychological and financial hardships as they struggle to support and cope with a loved one's addiction. “Worst of all, addiction undermines the loving, trusting relationships that sustain a healthy family.” (Editorial Staff, 2023)

Current impact on workplace • In the workplace, drug addiction has adverse effects on employees and employers alike. Substance abuse leads to decreased productivity, increased absenteeism, and impaired job performance, affecting the bottom line for businesses. “Addiction costs American businesses and organizations an average of $81 billion in lost profits every year.” (Harvard Health Publishing, 2017) Workplace accidents and safety risks escalate when individuals are under the influence of drugs. Employers face the difficult task of fostering a supportive work environment while grappling with issues such as employee absenteeism and potential legal and ethical concerns.

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Current impact on community • Communities bear the collective burden of drug addiction, experiencing a range of negative consequences. Increased crime rates, driven by drug-related offenses, erode community safety and contribute to a sense of insecurity. “Although drug courts and diversion programs in many jurisdictions have helped to alleviate this burden, substance abuse within the criminal justice population remains widespread.” (U.S. Department of Justice, 2010) The strain on law enforcement and the criminal justice system depletes resources that could be used for other community needs. Moreover, drug addiction leads to social isolation, homelessness, and poverty, undermining community cohesion and hindering overall progress and development.

References: • American Addiction Centers Editorial Staff, A. (2023, March 1). History of drug abuse and addiction rehabilitation programs. DrugAbuse.com. https://drugabuse.com/addiction/history-drug-abuse/ • Carberg, C. (2023, April 28). Addiction in adults - facts on adult drug use and abuse. Addiction Help. https://www.addictionhelp.com/addiction/adults/ • Editorial Staff, E. S. (2023, May 3). Family addiction: How does addiction affect families?. American Addiction Centers. https://americanaddictioncenters.org/rehab-guide/guide-for-families-i • Harvard Health Publishing , H. H. P. (2017, June 30). Working on addiction in the Workplace. Harvard Health. https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/working-on-addiction-in-the-workplace- 2017063011941 • U.S. Department of Justice, U. S. D. of J. (2010). Impact of Drugs on Society. (U) impact of drugs on society - national drug threat assessment 2010 (unclassified). https://www.justice.gov/archive/ndic/pubs38/38661/drugImpact.htm

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