Social Cogitive Theory Application Assignment HLTH 335

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Brigham Young University *

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335

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Psychology

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Feb 20, 2024

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Lanea Akinaka Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) Application Assignment Section 1: The Theory and Constructs The Social Cognitive Theory was developed by Albert Bandura and aims to explain various influences on health behaviors incorporating factors from the environment, individual characteristics, and personal actions. SCT introduces many constructs, with self efficacy being the main one. The SCT focuses on the triadic model of reciprocal determinism which is how behavior, the environment, and personal/cognitive factors all influence each other. - Knowledge: The awareness and understanding of information on any given health behavior. - Example: A public official providing information about the nutritional benefits of a healthy diet to prevent stroke through lectures, demonstrations, and classes. - Situational Perception: An individual's perception of the environment and its influence on behavior. - Example: Recognizing environmental cues that trigger unhealthy eating habits. - Outcome Expectations: Anticipation of the consequences resulting from a specific behavior. - Example: Expecting improved health and reduced stroke risk through a healthy diet. - Outcome Expectancies: Beliefs about the likelihood of a certain outcome based on performing a behavior. - Example: Believing that adopting a healthy lifestyle will lead to a decreased risk of stroke.

- Environment: External physical or social factors that surround a person and influence behavior. - Example: Availability of affordable and accessible healthy food options in the community. - Self-Efficacy: Confidence in one’s ability to perform a behavior under various conditions. - Example: Someone believing in their ability to consistently choose and eat healthy meals. - Reinforcement: Responses to a behavior that can either increase or decrease the likelihood of its regularity. - Example: Positive reinforcement for maintaining a healthy diet, through rewards or social recognition. Section 2: Justification for Chosen Constructs For my intervention I chose to use knowledge, self-efficacy, and environment to address stroke prevention through a healthy diet. - I chose to use knowledge because the lack of awareness between diet and stroke risk is a barrier and providing more information about the importance of a healthy diet can help to influence behavior change. - I chose to use self-efficacy because many individuals lack confidence in maintaining a healthy diet due to different factors. Boosting self efficacy through providing resources so they can be more self reliant can empower them to overcome challenges and adhere to dietary recommendations.

- I chose to use environment because the physical and social environment people surround themselves with can significantly influence dietary choices. Altering the environment to make healthier options more accessible can help to promote dietary changes. Section 3: Intervention As the Social Marketing Director for the American Heart Association, I will be targeting, through a comprehensive evaluation, the issue of adults at risk of stroke with the goal of encouraging the adoption of a healthy diet to reduce the risk of stroke. To strengthen self-efficacy, the intervention will include hands-on cooking classes and meal-planning workshops which will provide the adults with experience to boost their confidence in preparing and selecting nutritious meals. To address knowledge gaps, a multimedia campaign will be implemented, through the use of brochures, social media posts, and community seminars to educate adults about the link between healthy choices and stroke risk. Additionally, we will increase a positive environment by collaborating with local grocery stores and have dedicated sections of heart-healthy foods. To reinforce positive behaviors, I will implement a rewards program allowing the participants to earn points for keeping to a healthy diet. These points could be redeemed for discounts at healthy food stores or even fitness centers. This approach will create a supportive and motivating environment for sustained adherence to a healthy lifestyle. This intervention will take place at community centers, with weekly classes lasting three months, contributing to the project duration of six months. Funding for the project will come from collaborations with local businesses, grants, and donations. To measure the success of the intervention, outcomes will be assessed through surveys and tracking the participants' healthy habits over time with the anticipated result being an increased adoption of healthy diet among adults at risk of stroke.

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Section4: The Theory behind the Intervention - When I do cooking classes and workshops in my intervention, I am addressing self-efficacy because this will help to enhance the participants confidence in their ability to choose and prepare healthy meals. - When I collaborate with local grocery stores in my intervention, I am addressing the environment because it will alter the physical environment and make healthier choices more accessible and promote positive dietary changes. - When I do the multimedia campaign in my intervention, I am addressing knowledge because addressing the lack of awareness and increasing participants’ understanding of the relationship between diet and risk of stroke.

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