DSM 5 Criteria for Substance Use Disorders

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Nov 24, 2024

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1 DSM 5 Criteria for Substance Use Disorders The question of whether an individual with a serious substance use disease has the mental capacity to make autonomous decisions, particularly about their treatment, is a multifaceted and subtle one. The DSM-5 criteria for substance use disorders establish a structure for evaluating the intensity of an individual's substance addiction or dependence. However, the ability to make decisions should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis, including legal and ethical factors. The DSM-5 provides criteria for identifying mild, moderate, and severe substance use disorders, which are determined by the presence of a certain number of symptoms (Sarmiento & Lau, 2020). However, possessing a profound substance use illness does not automatically imply that an individual cannot make informed decisions. Competence is a legal and ethical notion that refers to an individual's capacity to comprehend and make well-informed choices regarding their treatment and other elements of their life. The determination of an individual's condition is not only reliant on the severity of their mental health or substance use issue. Individuals with serious substance use problems often maintain their ability to make informed decisions regarding their treatment. Healthcare providers can evaluate competence, and it is important to offer persons the necessary knowledge, assistance, and chances to make decisions that are most advantageous to them (SAMHSA, 2020). However, under certain circumstances, the debilitation resulting from serious drug use disorders can undermine an individual's capacity to make logical choices, particularly when the influence of substances obscures their discernment. In such instances, legal processes such as guardianship or conservatorship may be contemplated to safeguard their paramount welfare. The ethical issues in healthcare emphasize the significance of upholding an individual's autonomy and entitlement to make decisions whenever feasible (Roberts & Roberts, 1999).

2 Nevertheless, it is imperative to make these judgments through meticulous evaluation and, in certain instances, with legal supervision to guarantee the preservation of the individual's paramount welfare. Ensuring a harmonious equilibrium between independence and safeguarding is crucial when addressing individuals with profound substance use disorders.

3 References Roberts, L. W., & Roberts, B. (1999). Psychiatric research ethics: an overview of evolving guidelines and current ethical dilemmas in the study of mental illness. Biological psychiatry , 46 (8), 1025-1038. SAMHSA. (2020). Substance Use Disorder Treatment for People With Co-Occurring Disorders. SAMHSA . https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/SAMHSA_Digital_Download/PEP20-02-01- 004_Final_508.pdf Sarmiento, C., & Lau, C. (2020). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM‐ 5. The Wiley Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences: Personality Processes and Individual Differences , 125-129.

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