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University of Technology Sydney *

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70114

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Political Science

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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**11. Question:** What is the concept of a "welfare state" in political science? **Answer:** A welfare state is a political system where the government plays an active role in protecting and promoting the economic and social well-being of its citizens through policies like healthcare, education, and social security. **12. Question:** What is the difference between a federal system of government and a unitary system of government? **Answer:** In a federal system, power is divided between a central government and subnational entities with their own distinct powers, while in a unitary system, power is concentrated in the central government with subnational entities having limited or delegated authority. **13. Question:** How does the concept of civil society contribute to a functioning democracy? **Answer:** Civil society, which includes non-governmental organizations, advocacy groups, and citizen participation, serves as a check on government power, fosters public debate, and promotes democratic values, contributing to the health of a democracy. **14. Question:** What is the role of political parties in a democratic system? **Answer:** Political parties provide a means for citizens to organize and advocate for their interests and beliefs. They compete for political power through elections and play a key role in forming and operating governments. **15. Question:** Explain the term "soft power" in international relations and its significance in diplomacy. **Answer:** Soft power is the ability to influence the behavior and perceptions of other countries through attraction, persuasion, and cultural appeal rather than military or economic coercion. It is a valuable tool in international diplomacy for building relationships and achieving foreign policy objectives without the use of force.

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