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Base your answers to questions 11 through 13 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies. All persons born or naturalized (made a citizen) in the United States, and subject to the laws of the country, are citizens of the United States and of the State where they live. No State will make or enforce any law which will shorten the privileges or protections of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State take away from any person their life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its legal right the equal protection of the laws. 14th Amendment, Section 1, United States Constitution 11. This amendment was adopted in 1868 primarily to (1) protect the rights of formerly enslaved persons (2) make it easier for immigrants to become citizens (3) extend suffrage to settlers on the Great Plains 12. Which event was most likely a result of this amendment? (1) The decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) (2) The passage of the 18th amendment in 1919 (3) The rise of Populism in the late 19th century 13. Which of the following groups most directly advocated for this amendment? (1) Democrats (2) Radical Republicans (3) Progressives