Dynamics_Report (1)

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University of Ontario Institute of Technology *

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1020

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Physics

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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Physics I Laboratory Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University Lab Report PhyI-03: Dynamics Laws Student’s name_____________________________ CRN_________Date________ Glider mass ___189.8g ; Hanger mass: 5.1g In the Tables 1 and 2 below, M is the mass of the glider with or without extra masses; m is the mass of the hanger with any extra masses on it. Constant Net Force Table 1 Run M , kg m , kg Total mass, M + m , kg Acceleration, experiment a e , m/s 2 Acceleration, theory a t , m/s 2 % difference, 100%∙| a t - a e |/ a t #1 0.1898 0.0071 0.197 0.366 0.353 3.7 #2 0.2898 0.0071 0.297 0.194 0.193 0.5 #3 0.3898 0.0071 0.397 0.158 0.175 9.7 Net force, mg : __________ (N) Constant Mass Table 2 Run M , kg m , kg Net force mg , N Acceleration, experiment a e , m/s 2 Acceleration, theory a t , m/s 2 % difference, 100%∙| a t - a e |/ a t #4 0.2098 0.0071 0.069 0.329 0.321 2.5 #5 0.1998 0.0171 0.167 0.757 0.773 2.0 #6 0.1898 0.0271 0.266 1.13 1.22 7.3 Total mass, M+m : _____________ (kg) Linear Momentum, Impulse and Force on Glider Table 3 Run Force on glider T e , experiment, N Force on glider T t , theory, N % difference, 100%∙| T e - T t |/ T t #4 0.069 0.069 0 #5 0.167 0.167 0 #6 0.266 0.266 0 Compare the force on the glider values in Table 3 with net force values in Table 2 Kinetic and Potential Energy Table 4 Run Kinetic energy change K , kg m 2 /s 2 Distance l , m Work done W = T e l , kg m 2 /s 2 % difference, 100%∙| Δ K - W |/ Δ K #4 0.501 0.678 0.047 90.6 #5 0.038 0.578 0.096 152 #6 0.1107 0.483 0.128 15.6 Lab Report PhyI-03: Dynamics Laws
Physics I Laboratory Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University Conclusion: The purpose of this lab was to analyze the relationship between acceleration and mass as well as the relationship between acceleration and the total net force of the system. For the experiments, a glider was placed on top of an air track which blew out air through holes on it’s surfaces to eliminate any force due to friction. A string was tied onto the glider which went through a pulley-like system with mass hanging down the other end. A motion sensor was placed right behind the track. The glider was held in position and let go, the glider accelerated until it hit the rubber band at the end of the track. The glider had a square piece of metal on top of it for the motion sensor to track and show results and measurements recorded by it. Measurements were taken via the Capstone Software. The whole experiment was divided into two sections, the aim of the first section was to analyze the relation between acceleration and mass by keeping the net force constant. The setup was tweaked by increasing or decreasing the weights placed on each side of the glider and acceleration was noted down by finding out the gradient for the velocity time graph on the Capstone software. Similarly, the next experiment was to determine the relationship between acceleration and net force. This was done by keeping the mass of the total system constant but switching the masses from the glider to the hanger. Measurements were taken in the same way as in experiment 1. Three runs were taken with different weight and net forces for each experiments. Experiment 1: Constant Net force As we can see from the values in the table above, the masses on the glider was tweaked with. As we go down the table, mass on the glider increases and acceleration decreases which tells us that the acceleration is inversely proportional to the total mass. Experiment 2: Constant Mass For this experiment, the mass of the hanging mass holder was increased down the table which also means the net force was increased, hence the acceleration also increased down the table which shows us that Net-force is proportional to acceleration. Points to note: The total mass of the glider as well as hanging mass were taken as both of the move together simultaneously. The experimental value of the force on glider Fe was found by measuring the mass of the hanging weight and multiplying it by g(9.81) No difference between net force and force on the glider as the hanging mass is the only thing that exerts a force on the glider. Kinetic energy of the glider is considered in table 4 as the motion sensor only picks up on the motion of the glider and gives as the information on it’s kinetic energy throughout the movement. Lab Report PhyI-03: Dynamics Laws 2
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