Physics Experiment 5 Lab Report

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Florida Institute of Technology *

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2091

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Physics

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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pdf

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7

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Report
Physics Lab 1 PHY 2091 - Section 01 Experiment 05 Projectile Motion Report Author: Ben Varozza Preformed: 26 September 2023 Report Submitted: 03 October 2023 Lab Partner: Emma Yasinsky Instructor: Pramod Raghav, Mulagala 1/7
Introduction This experiment intended to explore projectile motion and how to find the velocity of the projectile. The velocity was measured using a photogate and then the range was determined by measuring the horizontal distance from the base of the track to the mark made by the ball impact. The data gathered was used to analyze the relationship between speed and distance of the projectile. Data 2/7
Data Analysis 3/7
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Here are my calculations and how they were calculated using Excel. The first image shows the formulas, and the second shows the answer derived from the formulas. 4/7
Discussion Is the time it takes for the ball to strike the floor the same regardless of the initial velocity? No, if one ball was thrown vertically down and another dropped simultaneously, then the one thrown would take less time to reach the bottom because it has a higher initial velocity. However, interestingly, if one ball was thrown horizontally and one was dropped, they would hit the ground simultaneously because the acceleration due to gravity is the same in the vertical direction. Velocity in the horizontal direction does not affect the acceleration. Why is this? If the ‘motion implies an attached force’ concept is wrong, what is the corresponding correct concept? There is no attached force on the ball. The correct concept is that there is gravity pulling the ball down. This causes the ball to accelerate downward, yet the horizontal velocity does not change until it impacts the ground. 5/7
Which of Newton’s Laws does this concept relate to? In your report, write a few sentences explaining how this law applies to projectile motion. This relates to Newton’s second law of motion: force is equal to mass times acceleration (F=ma). The ball’s mass is constant, so the acceleration varies, changing the force. When the ball is dropped or thrown, acceleration due to gravity starts to accelerate the ball downwards. This does not imply an attached force but rather shows that the ball’s mass times its acceleration builds up momentum. Another law that relates to projectile motion is Newton’s first law of motion; an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by another force. If the ball is rolled off a table, it has a horizontal and vertical velocity. However, the horizontal velocity is not affected by the acceleration due to gravity. 6/7
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Conclusion The experiment collected the velocity of a ball being dropped down a track from increasingly taller heights and then the horizontal distance that the ball traveled before impacting the ground. The data was plotted to find a slope of the best-fit line representing the velocity versus the range of the ball. The theoretical and experimental slopes were then derived from that. The experiment was a success because the percent difference between the theoretical and experimental slopes was a low value of 4.08%. My lab partner and I contributed equally to conducting the experiment by taking turns setting up the logger program, dropping the ball, collecting data, and recording the data. 7/7

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