Physics Experiment 3 Lab Report

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Florida Institute of Technology *

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2091

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Physics

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Dec 6, 2023

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Physics Lab 1 PHY 2091 - Section 01 Experiment 03 Acceleration Report Author: Ben Varozza Preformed: 12 September 2023 Report Submitted: 19 September 2023 Lab Partner: Emma Yasinsky Instructor: Pramod Raghav, Mulagala 1/9

Introduction The intention of this experiment was to find the the acceleration due to gravity by two methods. The first was dropping a washer attached to spark tape through a sparker and measuign the distance between the sparks. The second method was to drop a picket fence through a light sensor to gather data electronically. This data was all measured in centemeters and then converted to meters. Data Part One 2/9

3/9

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Data Analysis 4/9

5/9

Discussion Identify the physical meaning of the slope of your speed versus time graph. Then, calculate a percent difference between your experimental value of g and the given value of 9.792 m/s 2 . A U.S. Coast and Geodetic survey measured this value in Melbourne many years ago. The speed versus time graph shows the acceleration due to gravity of the washer. The graph trendline was used to find the acceleration (g) of 8.790 m/s 2 . The percent difference between the theoretical value of the acceleration due to gravity in Melbourne and our experimental value was fairly large. This is due to our acceleration due to gravity being 8.790 m/s 2 , almost 1 m/s 2 slower. This error could have been caused by friction of the tape rubbing against the jig holding the sparker, causing the tape to slow down. The data is also not as accurate as it would be if we were able to measure the washer falling longer. 6/9

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Discuss the precision of your graph. You can consider this experiment a success if the error in your experimental number is large enough to bracket the given value. Explicitly show whether this is true in your report. The graph is very precise. The error on the Instantanious Time vs Velocity graph is 0.0312% which is super low. This number was generated on the graph. Also, all but one of the percent error bars are over the trendline, which is another sign of precision. Discuss sources of random and systematic error in your report. Also, categorize sources of error according to whether they are intrinsic errors or errors in the measuring tool. Include your spark tape in your lab report. There were sources of both random and systematic errors in the experiment. An example of a random error was when dropping the spark tape, I let go at an angle causing it to rub the side of the sparker jib while falling. This caused the tape to slow down due to friction. An example of systematic error would be when dropping the picket fence, it tended to not fall squarely and when doing so, the slots became angled which changed the distance between them rather than keeping it constant. Had a percent error of just over 10%. To be considered a successful experiment, the percent error needed to be less than 5%. However, the data was very precise 7/9

meaning that there were a few errors leading to the high percent error, yet they were consistent. The errors were likely due to the tape rubbing against the sparker jig on the way down which slowed it down. Despite the lab having a higher percent error, it should still be considered a success because the coefficient of determination (R 2 ) is 0.9688. The closer the number is to 1, the more precise the data is. Our number is very close, meaning that even if the velocity and acceleration were slower, they fell at a consistent rate. 8/9

Conclusion The experiment examined how a dropped object can be used to find the acceleration due to gravity. The data collected was the time and velocity which was then used to calculate the acceleration, percent deviation, and percent error. The experiment was a success. My lab partner and I contributed equally to conducting the experiment, by taking turns setting up, dropping the spark paper / picket fence, and collecting data. 9/9

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