Physics Experiment 6 Lab Report

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School

Florida Institute of Technology *

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Course

2091

Subject

Physics

Date

Dec 6, 2023

Type

pdf

Pages

9

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Physics Lab 1 PHY 2091 - Section 01 Experiment 06 Newton's 2nd Law Report Author: Ben Varozza Preformed: 03 October 2023 Report Submitted: 10 October 2023 Lab Partner: Emma Yasinsky Instructor: Pramod Raghav, Mulagala 1/9
Introduction This experiment explored Newton's 2nd Law of Motion. The experiment was conducted by attaching two hangars to a string pulled through two pulleys. Various weights were attached to the hangars and dropped. A photogate measured the velocity and time of each trial. This data was used to find the acceleration. This was graphed and analyzed to determine the percent difference and comparing theoretical and experimental values using the equation a=(M-m)/(M+m)g. 2/9
Data 3/9
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Data Analysis Below are Time vs Velocity graphs for each trial and the data obtained from the photogate during Trial 3. That data correlates to the other graphs from Trial 3 on page 5. 4/9
The graphs from Trial 3 are shown below as “Distance vs Time”, “Velocity vs Time”, and “Acceleration vs Time” respectively. These graphs 5/9
Here are my calculations and how they were calculated using Excel. The first image shows the formulas, and the second shows the answer derived from the formulas. 6/9
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Discussion Compare your experimental and theoretical values by calculating a percent difference between them. Below are the formulas and calculations for theoretical values and the percent difference. 7/9
Is this percent difference smaller that the percent error you found above? If so, the two accelerations agree within the limits of random error. The percent difference is smaller than the percent error for trials 2 and 3, but larger for trial 1. This means that the two accelerations are within the limits of random error and were successful. Which type of random error is largest here: error in measurement or intrinsic random error in the acceleration? The random error is most prevalent in measurement error. These errors would contribute to an error in the acceleration greater than an intrinsic random error would. Is a systematic error present? What physical effect(s) cause(s) these sources of error? There are several systematic errors during this experiment. A few would be alignment errors causing friction on the string and the pulley not going straight through the photogate, and improper sensor calibration leading to incorrect recordings of values. 8/9
Conclusion The experiment collected the velocity and time of several weights being dropped and pulling a pulley to measure acceleration. This lab taught the principles of Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion; net force (F=ma) is equal to mass times acceleration. The experiment was successful because the percent difference was smaller than the percent error for the second and third trials. My lab partner and I contributed equally to conducting the experiment by taking turns setting up the photogate logger program, adding weights to the hangars, collecting data, and recording the data. 9/9
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