E-Field Plotting worksheet

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Arizona State University *

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132

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Physics

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Dec 6, 2023

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pdf

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Uploaded by DeanMorning12527

1 E L E C T R I C F I E L D P L O T T I N G – W O R K S H E E T Name: Andrew Crist Partners: Nahom, Hunter, Zainab TA: Rekha Joshi Cleaning up & Signing out (3): Data/Plots (40): Analysis (15): Post Lab Qs (30): Lab Report Total (88): ANALYSIS 1) Two-Point charges: ࠵? !,#$%&$’ = 1.5 (unit: cm) ࠵? !,(’)%*$ = 4.2 (unit: cm) 2) Parallel plates: ࠵? +,#$%&$’ = 2 (unit: cm) ࠵? +,(’)%*$ = 2.3 (unit: cm) 3) Ratio ࠵? ! = , !,#$%&’( , !,)(&*($ = 2.8 ࠵? + = , +,#$%&’( , +,)(&*($ = 1.15

2 POST LAB QUESTIONS 1) For the dipole configuration: a) Are the equipotential surfaces equally separated across a majority of the page? Yes. The distance between the lines is greatest at the halfway point between both poles, with that distance decreasing closer to each pole. b) Is the electric field uniform across a majority of the page? What makes it uniform/non-uniform? Yes, with symmetric spacing about the top-bottom axis. The distance between the lines decreases towards either pole. 2) For the parallel-plates configuration: a) Are the equipotential surfaces equally separated across a majority of the page? Yes, but only between the two plates. b) Is the electric field uniform across a majority of the page? What makes it uniform/non-uniform? Yes, the electric field is uniform between the plates. 3) a) Is ࠵? + greater than ࠵? ! ? No, R2 is less than R1. b) Based on the ratios ࠵? + and ࠵? ! , which geometry generates a more uniform electric field? Briefly explain your answer, and make sure to mention the distribution of charge and how it affects the equipotential surfaces. Remember to consider the direction of causality (what causes what?). Based off the two ratios generated between the center and fringe of the fields, we can infer that using parallel conducting plates generates a more uniform electric field. This is because the ratio between the center and fringe distances is lowest for the parallel plates, meaning that the distance between the equipotential surfaces remains fairly uniform across the page. This makes sense because the electric field generated by point charges is circular, pointing radially towards or away from the charge. The parallel plates can be treated as a row of point charges, where the vertical components of each charge cancel each other out. This allows for straight horizontal lines representing the field direction, where the spacing of those lines is uniform. Don’t forget to answer the questions on the next page! 4) Why do electric field lines not intersect? Explain briefly. A small drawing would be helpful. Electric field lines cannot intersect because of the existence of an intersection would mean multiple fields at one point in space. Every point in space is represented by one net electric field which is a sum of the components of all electric fields present. 5) Why do equipotential surfaces not intersect? Explain briefly. A small drawing would be helpful. Equipotential surfaces cannot intersect for the same reason that electric field lines cannot

3 intersect. By definition, equipotential surfaces are always perpendicular to the electric field lines. Therefore, when given a set of electric field lines that do not intersect, the equipotential lines will also not intersect. 6) Why are electric field lines always perpendicular to equipotential surfaces? Explain your argument mathematically (just showing math without explaining your understanding of it is not sufficient). Electric fields are defined by the equation Ex=-v/x and Ey=-v/y. Since by definition every point on the equipotential line has the same electric potential, we know that there is no change in v along the x-axis. Therefore the x component will always be zero. As v changes along the y axis, the equipotential lines are created for every value of v, and this will always be perpendicular to the field forces which are directed horizontally between the two charges.

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