L6 Projectile Motion

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1105

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Physics

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Dec 6, 2023

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PHY1105C01 Conceptual Physics Projectile Motion Lab Adam Stancil 10-18-23
Data Tables : Activity 1: Metal sphere, Acrylic sphere, Angle bar, Clay block, Grooved ruler, String, Large washer, Tape measure, Protractor, Ramp support, Masking tape Data Table 1 Trial Sphere θ A = 0.71 (9.8) sin θ (m/s 2 ) v x = 2 a∆ x (m/s) t = 2 h g (s) Calculated Distance x = v x t (m) Actual distance (m) % Error 1 Metal 0.848 1.230 0.432 0.53 0.52 1.89 2 Acrylic 0.848 1.230 0.432 0.53 0.51 3.77 3 Metal 12° 1.447 1.605 0.432 0.69 0.64 7.24 4 Acrylic 12° 1.447 1.605 0.432 0.69 0.65 5.79 5 Metal 17° 2.034 1.903 0.432 0.82 0.78 4.87 6 Acrylic 17° 2.034 1.903 0.432 0.82 0.78 4.87 Figure 2: Activity 1 Setup
Calculations : Activity 1: Height = h = 91.5 cm = 0.915 meters Time = t = 2 h g = 2 0.915 9.8 = 1.83 9.8 = √(0.187) = 0.432 seconds Acceleration = a = 0.71 * g * sin θ = 0.71 * 9.8 * sin 7 = 6.958 * sin 7 = 0.848 m/s 2 Length of slope = ∆x = 89 cm = 0.89 m Horizontal Velocity = V x = √(2 * a * ∆x ) = √(2 * 0.848 * 0.89) = √1.509 = 1.23 m/s Calculated Distance = V x * t = 1.230 * 0.432 = 0.53 m Percent error = (|calculated-experimental| / calculated) *100% (0.53-0.52/0.53) *100% = 1.89% Conclusion : 1. Did the sphere in the experiment always land exactly where predicted? If not, why was there a difference between the distance calculated and the distance measured? No. The difference between calculated and actual likely was due to slight errors of calculation for distances and angles. 2. Why is it important to use the grooved ruler to ensure that the sphere leaves the table in a horizontal direction? It keeps the balls in a straight vector and allows for more predictable landing distances and comparing actual to calculated. 3. If the same experiment were performed on the moon, what would be different? The balls would go farther, since there is less gravity on the Moon. The downward acceleration would be less and they would travel a farther distance before hitting the ground. 4. What is different about the vertical component of the sphere’s velocity and the horizontal component of the sphere’s velocity once the sphere leaves the table? The horizontal velocity stays the same until it reaches the ground and encounters another force. The vertical component increases as time goes due to constant acceleration due to gravity.
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5. If the same experiment were repeated with the same angles, but from a taller table, how would the results change? Since the balls would have increased hangtime (larger vertical distance to fall), they would be in the air longer and travel farther. References : Hewitt, P. G. (2015). Mastering Physics -- for Conceptual Physics (12th ed.). Pearson.